Abstract
Calcite is the most common of the CaCO3 mineral phases. It has a very simple structure (Fig. 1a), that can essentially be rationalized as a deformed NaCl structure1. Because of this relation to the halite structure, this was one of the first structures solved by Bragg2. Aragonite is thermodynamically slightly less stable than calcite at ambient temperatures and pressures. Its calcium ions in the (001) calcium layer are almost in exactly the same positions as those of calcite, but it differs from calcite in terms of the carbonate ion organization (Fig. 1b). Vaterite is the least stable of these three polymorphs. It differs significantly from the other two, in that the planes of the carbonate molecules are perpendicular to the calcium ion planes (Fig. 1c).
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Addadi, L., Aizenberg, J., Albeck, S., Falini, G., Weiner, S. (1995). Structural Control Over the Formation of Calcium Carbonate Mineral Phases in Biomineralization. In: Siegel, J.S. (eds) Supramolecular Stereochemistry. NATO ASI Series, vol 473. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0353-4_15
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