Abstract
The eastern lowlands of Sumatra comprise about 88000 square kilometres, or approximately eighteen percent of the island’s total area. Most of these lowlands were originally peatswamp forest, freshwater swamp forest and mangrove. A significant proportion of the area is subject to tidal influence.
The lowlands have experienced a variety of land uses, firstly by the native people, who were mainly hunter-gatherers, later by the Buginese and Banjarese immigrants from Sulawesi and Kalimantan respectively, and more recently by transmigrants from Java, Bali and Madura.
Land uses have involved principally agriculture, logging and fishing, and a wide range of associated activities. As in most attempts to settle and convert wetlands to other uses, there have been many problems. The Berbak Wildlife Reserve located on the southeast coast of the Province of Jambi provides a microcosm of these problems. The issues and impacts evident in Berbak include nearly all of the issues and impacts affecting wetland areas elsewhere in the eastern lowlands and provide a useful case study.
The Asian Wetland Bureau and the Indonesian Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation have carried out a two-year project which includes development of management of the Reserve and the preparation of an Environmental Profile for the lowland wetlands of Jambi Province as a background for regional planning. These components of the project are aimed at investigating and resolving management problems affecting the Reserve, and may be extrapolated to the solution of similar problems in other parts of the Sumatran lowlands.
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Claridge, G. (1994). Management of coastal ecosystems in eastern Sumatra: the case of Berbak Wildlife Reserve, Jambi Province. In: Sasekumar, A., Marshall, N., Macintosh, D.J. (eds) Ecology and Conservation of Southeast Asian Marine and Freshwater Environments including Wetlands. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 98. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0958-1_29
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