Skip to main content

Cooling Technology for High Performance Computers: Design Applications

  • Chapter
Cooling of Electronic Systems

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 258))

Abstract

A perspective and review of the current state-of-the-art in cooling for high performance computers is provided. The trend towards higher power dissipation at both chip and module level is discussed, along with the corresponding need to reduce internal and external thermal resistance. The nature of the multi-chip module (MCM) cooling problem is discussed. The evolution of the IBM Thermal Conduction Module cooling design is described, along with examples of other recent high performance MCM cooling designs providing low thermal resistance(s). The relative package cooling effectiveness of these designs is presented in terms of “package thermal resistivity.”

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 429.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 549.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 549.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Tummala, R.R., and Rymaszewski, E.J., eds., Microelectronics Packaging Handbook.Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, NY, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Chu, R.C., Heat Transfer in Electronic Systems, Proceedings of the 8th International Heat Transfer Conference, pp. 293–305, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bar-Cohen, A., Thermal Management of Air-and Liquid-Cooled Multichip Modules, IEEE Trans.. Vol. CHMT-10, pp. 159–175, June 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chu, R.C., Hwang, U.P., and Simons, R.E., Conduction Cooling for an LSI Package: A One-Dimensional Approach, IBM J. of Res, and Dev.. Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 45–54, Jan. 1982.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Agonafer, D., and Simons, R.E., Optimization Trade-off Analyses on a Thermal Conduction Module Package Using CAEDS, ASME HTD. Vol. 57, pp.231–237, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Goth, G.F., Zumbrunnen, M.L., and Moran, K.P., Dual-tapered piston (DTP) module cooling for IBM Enterprise System/9000 systems, IBM J. of Res, and Dev.. Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 805–816, Jul. 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hopper, G.S., Edwards, D.L., and Young, S.P., The Thermal Management of IBM’s ES/9000 Advanced Thermal Conduction Module, Proc. of 42nd Elec. Comp. and Tech. Conf., pp. 997–1001, San Diego, CA, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Delia, D.J., Gilgert, T.C., Graham, N.H., Hwang, U., Ing, P.W., Kan, J.C., Kemink, R.G., Maling, G.C., Martin, R.F., Moran, K.P., Reyes, J.R., Schmidt, R.R., and Steinbrecher, R.A., System Cooling design for the water-cooled IBM Enterprise System/9000 processors, IBM J. of Res. and Dev.. Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 791–801, Jul. 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Zumbrunnen, M.L., Materials and Processing Approaches for High Performance Electronic Cooling, Proc. 4th Elec. Matls. and Proc. Congress, pp. 399–403, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Aug. 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Hwang, U.P., and Moran, K.P., Cold Plates for IBM Thermal Conduction Module Electronic Modules, Heat Transfer in Electronic and Microelectronic Equipment. A.E. Bergles, ed., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, NY, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hwang, U.P., Moran, K.P., and Kemink, R.G., Cold Plate Design for IBM ES/9000 TCM Electronic Modules, Advances in Electronic Packaging , ASME EEP-Vol. 1, pp. 75–81, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mizuno, T., Okano, Y., and Watari, T., Cooling Technology for the NEC SX Supercomputer, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Cooling Technology for Electronic Equipment, pp. 110–125, Honolulu, Hawaii, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Watari, T., Okano, M., Matsuo, Y., and Mizuno, T., Cooling Technology for the SX Supercomputer, NEC Res, and Dev., No. 88, pp. 65–73, Jan. 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Watari, T., Computer Packaging Technology for System Performance, NEC Res. and Dev., No. 98, pp.49–59, Jul. 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Murano, H., and Watari, T., Packaging Technology for the NEC SX-3 Supercomputers,Proc. Intl. Conf. on Advances in Interconnection and Packaging. SPIE Vol. 1390, pp.78–90, Boston, MA, Nov. 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Yamada, M., Nishiyama, M., Tokaichi, T., and Okano, M., Packaging Technology for the NEC ACOS System 3900, Proc. of 42nd Elec. Comp. and Tech. Conf., pp. 745–751, San Diego, CA, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Yamamoto, H., Udagawa, Y., and Suzuki, M., Cooling System for FACOM M-780 Large-Scale Computer, Proc. of Intl. Symp. on Cooling Technology for Electronic Equipment. Honolulu, HI, pp. 96–109, Mar. 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Suzuki, M., Udagawa, U., and Yamamoto, H., Conductive Liquid Cooling for the FACOM VP2000 Supercomputer, Proc. 9th Ann. Intl. Elec. Packaging Soc. (IEPS) Conf., Vol. 1, pp. 118–124, San Diego, CA, Sept. 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kano, T., Takaemae, M., and Kawashima, H., Cooling and Power Techniques for the M-1800 Model Group, FUJITSU. Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 132–138, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kobayashi, F., Watanabe, Y., Yamamoto, M., Anzai, A., Takahashi, A., Daikoku, T., and Fujita, T., Hardware Technology for HITACHI M-880 Processor Group, Proc. of 41st Elec. Comp. and Tech. Conf., pp. 693–703, Atlanta, GA, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Daikoku, T., Nakajima, T., Ashiwake, N., Kawamura, K., Sato, M., Kobayashi, F., and Nakayama, W., Cooling Device of Semioconductor Chips, U.S. Patent 4,770,242. Sept. 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ashiwake, N., Daikoku, T., Kawamura, K., and Zushi, S., A Flexible Thermal Contactor for the Cooling of Electronic Components, Proc. of the ASME-JSME Therm. Eng. Jt. Conf., Vol. 2, pp. 357–364, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Chu, R.C., Simons, R.E. (1994). Cooling Technology for High Performance Computers: Design Applications. In: Kakaç, S., Yüncü, H., Hijikata, K. (eds) Cooling of Electronic Systems. NATO ASI Series, vol 258. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1090-7_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1090-7_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4476-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-1090-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics