Abstract
In many places where soils and marine sediments meet, a specialized community of terrestrial halophytic (salt-loving) plants and associated animals develop (Figure 7.1). This happens mainly in the supralittoral and the upper littoral zones. Two of the most characteristic coastal communities of this nature are saltmarshes, which are found mainly in temperate to subpolar climates, and mangrove swamps which are of tropical to subtropical occurrence (Figure 7.2).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Variation in Indian Ocean Coral Reefs (Symp. zool. Soc. Lond 28) Academic Press, London.
Yonge, C.M. (1963) The biology of coral reefs. Adv. Mar. Bio! 1, 209–260.
Ball, M.C. (1980) Patterns of secondary succession in a mangrove forest of Southern Florida. Oecologia 44, 226–235.
Beeftink, W.G. (1977) Salt marshes. In The Coastline, Barnes, R.S.K. (ed.) Wiley, Chichester, 93–121.
Bell, S.S., Watzin, M.C. and Coull, B.C. (1978) Biogenic structure and its effect on the spatial heterogeneity of meiofauna in a salt marsh. J. exp. mar. Biol. Eco! 35, 99–107.
Bunt, J.S., Williams, W.T. and Clay, H.J. (1982) River water salinity and the distribution of
mangrove species along several rivers in North Queensland. Aust. J. Bot 30 401–412. Chapman, V.J. (1960) Salt Marshes and Salt Deserts of the World Hill, London. Chapman, V.J. (1976) Mangrove Vegetation Cramer, Vaduz.
Chapman, V.J. (ed.) (1977) Wet Coastal Ecosystems. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Christensen, B. (1983) Mangroves—what are they worth? Unasylva 35, 2–15. Clark, J. (1977) Coastal Ecosystem Management. Wiley-Interscience, New York.
Clough, B.F. (ed.) (1982) Mangrove Ecosystems in Australia: Structure, Function and Management. Australian National University Press, Canberra.
Hamilton, P.Y. and Macdonald. K.B. (eds.) (1980) Estuarine and Wetland Processes with Emphasis on Modelling. Plenum, New York
Howes, B.L., Howarth, R.W., Teal, J.M., and Valiela, I. (1981) Oxidation–reduction potentials in a salt marsh: spatial patterns and interactions with primary production. Limnol. Oceanogr 26, 350–360.
Jefferies, R.L. and Davies, A.J. (eds.) (1979) Ecological Processes in Coastal Environments. Blackwell, Oxford
Jeffrey, D.W. (ed.) (1977) North Bull Island Dublin Bay—a Modern Coastal Natural History. Royal Dublin Society, Dublin
Lassere, P. and Postma, H. (eds.) (1982) Coastal Lagoons. Oceanol. Acta. 5, suppl. 4. Lawton, J.R., Todd, A. and Naidoo, D.K. (1981) Preliminary investigations into the structure of the roots of the mangroves, Avicennia marina and Bruguic, a gymnorrhiza, in relation to ion uptake. New Phytol. 81, 713–722.
Letzsch, W.S. and Frey, R.W. (1980) Erosion of salt marsh tidal creek banks. Sapelo Island, Georgia. Senckenb. Maris 12, 201–212.
Livingston, R.J. (ed.) (1979) Ecological Processes in Coastal and Marine Systems. Plenum, London.
Long, S.P. and Mason, C.F. (1983) Saltmarsh Ecology. Blackie, Glasgow, and London. Lugo, A.E. and Snedaker, S.C. (1974) The ecology of mangroves. Ann. Rev. Eco!. Syst 5, 39–64.
McCoy, E.D. and Heck, K.L. (1976) Biogeography of corals, seagrasses and mangroves: an alternative to the centre of origin concept. Syst. Zool 25, 201–210.
McNae, W. (1968) A general account of the fauna and flora of mangrove swamps and forests in the Indo-West Pacific region. Adv. Mar. Biol 6, 73–270.
Nakanishi, H. (1981) Distribution and ecology of a Paliurus ramosissimus community. Acta Phytotaxon. Geobot. 32, 105–113. (In Japanese).
Odum, W.E. and Heald, E.J. (1975) The detritus-based food web of an estuarine mangrove community. In Estuarine Research, vol. 1, Cronin, L.E. (ed.) Academic Press, New York, 265–286.
Perkins, E.J. (1974) The Biology of Estuaries and Coastal Waters. Academic Press, London. Polderman, P.J.G. (1976) Seasonal aspects of algal communities in salt marshes. In La végétation des vases salées. Gehu, J.M. (ed.) Ass. int. Phytosociologie Colloq. Phytosociologiques 4, Strauss-Cramer: Hirschberg, 479–487.
Rabinowitz, D. (1978) Mortality and initial propagule size in mangrove seedlings in Panama. J. Ecol 66, 45–52.
Ranwell, D.S. (1967) World resources of Spartina townsendii (sensu lato) and economic use of Spartina marshland J. App!. Ecol. 4 239–256
Ranwell, D.S. (1972) Ecology of Salt Marshes and Sand Dunes. Chapman and Hall, London. Reinold, R.J. and Queen, W.H. (eds.) (1974) Ecology of Halophytes. Academic Press, New York.
Rublee, P.A., Merkel, S.M. and Faust, M.A. (1983) The transport of bacteria in the sediments of a temperate marsh. Est. Coast. Shelf Sci 16, 501–509.
Scholander, P.F. (1968) How mangroves desalinate water. Physiol. Plant 21, 251–261.
Semenuik, V. (1983) Mangrove distribution in North-western Australia in relation to regional and local freshwater seepage. Vegetatio 53, 11–31.
Smith, T.J. III (1982) Alteration of salt marsh plant community composition by grazing snow geese. Holarct. Ecol 6, 204–210.
Teal, J.M. (1962) Energy flow in the salt marsh ecosystem of Georgia. Ecology 43, 614–624.
Thom, B.G. (1967) Mangrove ecology and deltaic geomorphology: Tabasco, Mexico. J. Ecol 55, 301–343.
Waisel, Y. (1972) Biology of Halophytes. Academic Press, New York
Zedler, J.B. (1982) Salt marsh algal mat composition: spatial and temporal comparisons Bull. South. Calif Acad. Sci. 81 41–50
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Chapman & Hall
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Boaden, P.J.S., Seed, R. (1985). Marshes and Mangroves. In: An Introduction to Coastal Ecology. Tertiary Level Biology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7100-7_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7100-7_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7514-0109-7
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-7100-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive