Abstract
In this paper we will present the experimental demonstrations of quantum dense coding and quantum cryptography using continuous electromagnetic field with Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR) correlations. The bright EPR optical beams with the quantum correlations between the amplitude and phase quadratures are produced from a nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier. The direct detection technology of the Bell-state is utilized in the measurements of the quantum correlations and the signals modulated on the quadratures instead of usual homodyne detection. Usability of experimentally accessible squeezed-state entanglements, high efficiencies of bit transmission and information detection, relatively straightforward systems and operating procedures, and security directly provided by quantum correlations make the presented schemes valuable to be applied to the developing quantum information science.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Braunstein, S. L. (1998) Error correction for continuous quantum variables. Phys. Rev. lett. 80, 4084–4087.
Braunstein, S. L. (1998) Quantum error correction for communication with linear optics. Nature (London) 394. 47–49
Braunstrin, S. L. & Kimble, H. J. (2000) Dense coding for continuous variables. Phys. Rev. A 61, 042302
Ban, M. (1999) Quantum dense coding via a two-mode squeezed-vacuum state. J. opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 1 L9–L11
Loock, P. Van & Braunstein, S. L. (2000) Uconditional entanglement swapping for continuous variables. Phys. Rev. A 61, 10302(R)
Gottesman, D., & Preskill, J. (2001) Secure quantum key distribution using squeezed states. Phys. Rev. A 63, 022309
Hillery, M., (2000) Quantum cryptography with squeezed states. Phys. Rev. A 61, 022309
Cerf, N. J., Levy, M., & Assche, G. V., (2000) Quantum distribution of Gaussian keys using squeezed states. Phys. Rev. A 63,052311
Cerf, N. J., Iblisdir, S., & Assche, G. V., (2001) Cloning AND Cryptography with Quantum Continuous Variables, quant-ph/0107077 [Eur. Phys.J.D(to be published)]
Assche G. V. et al., (2001) Reconciliation of a Quantum-Distributed Gaussian Key. cs.CR/0107030 (to be published)
Ralph, T. C. (2000) Continuous variable quantum cryptography. Phys. Rev. A61,010303(R)
Ralph, T. C., (2000) Security of continuous-variable quantum cryptography. Phys. Rev. A 62, 062306
Reid, M. D., (2000) Quantum cryptography witz a predetermined key, using continuous-variable Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations. Phys. Rev. A 62, 062308
Silberhorn, C., Korolkova, N., & Leuchs, G., (2001) Quantum key distribution with bright entangled beams. quant-ph/0109009
Pereira, S. F., Ou, Z. Y., & Kimble, H. J., (2000) Quantum communication with correlated nonclassical states. Phys. Rev. A 62, 042311; Kimble, H. J., Ou, Z. Y, & Pereira, S. R, Method and Apparatus for Quantum Communication Employing Nonclassical Correlations of Quadrature-Phase Amplitudes. U.S. Patent No. 5, 339,182, Issued 8/16/94.
Bencheikh, K. et al., (2001) Quantum key distribution with continuous variables. J. Mod. Opt. 48, 1903
Lorenz, S. et al., (2001) Squeezed light from microstructured fibres: towards free space quantum cryptography. quant-ph/0109018
Navez, P. et al., (2001) A “quantum public key” based cryptographic scheme for continuous variables. quant-ph/0101113
Grosshans, F., & Grangier, P., (2002) Continuous Variable Quantum Cryptography Using Coherent States. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 057902
Furusawa, A. et al. (1998) Unconditional quantum teleportation. Science 282, 706–709
Li, X. Y et al. Quantum Dense Coding Exploiting a Bright Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Beam. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 047904 (2002)
Reid, M. D., & Drammond, P. D. (1988) Quantum Correlations of Phase in Nondegenerate Parametric Oscillation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 2731–2733
Reid, M. D. (1989) Demonstration of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox using nondegenerate parametric amplification. Phys. Rev. A 40, 913
Ou, Z. Y, Pereira, S. F., & Kimble, H. J. (1992) Realization of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox for continuous variables in nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier. Appl. Phys. B 55, 265
Zhang, Y et al. (2000) Experimental generation of bright two-mode quadrature squeezed light from a narrow-band nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier. Phys. Rev. A 62, 023813
Zhang, Y, Su, H., Xie, C. D. & Peng, K. C. (1999) Quantum variances and squeezing of output field from NOPA. Phys. Lett. A 259, 171
Li, X. Y, Pan, Q., Jing, J. T., Xie, C. D., & Peng, K. C.,(2001) LD pumped intracavity frequency-doubled and frequency-stabilized Nd:YAP/KTP laser with 1.1w output at 540nm, Optics Communications, (01) 01685–6
Zhang, J. & Peng, K. C. (2000) Quantum teleportation and dense coding by means of bright amplitude-squeezed light and direct measurement of a Bell state. Phys. Rev. A 62, 064302
Jing, J., Pan, Q., Xie, C. D. & Peng, K. C. (2002) Quantum Cryptography Using Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Correlations of Continuous Variables. quant-ph/0204111
Pan, Q., Zhang, Y., Zhang, T. C., Xie, C. D. & Peng, K. C., Experimental investigation of intensity fifference squeezing using Nd:YAP laser as pump source, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 30 (1997) 1588–1590
Julsgaard, B., Kozhekin, A., & Polzik, E. S. (2001) Experimental long-lived entanglement of two macroscopic objects. Nature 413, 400–403
Parkins, A. S. & Kimble, H. J. (2000) Position-momentum Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen state of distantly separated trapped atoms. Phys. Rev. A 61,052104
Li, Y. Q., Lynam, P., Xiao, M., & Edwards, P. J. Sub-Shot-Noise laser Doppler Anemometry with Amplitude-Squeezed Light. Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 3105 (1997)
Bennett, C. H., & Brassard, G. Quantum Cryptography: Public Key Distribution and Coin Tossing. Proc.IEEE Int. Conf. On Computers, Systems and Signal Processing(Bangalore), 175–179 (IEEE, New York,1984)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Peng, K., Pan, Q., Zhang, J., Xie, C. (2003). Experimental Demonstration of Quantum Dense Coding and Quantum Cryptography with Continuous Variables. In: Braunstein, S.L., Pati, A.K. (eds) Quantum Information with Continuous Variables. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-1258-9_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-1258-9_23
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-6255-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-015-1258-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive