Abstract
Research activity is becoming more geographically dispersed, whether one examines corporate research and development (R&D) or academic investigation conducted in universities and other scientific institutions. The chapter situates Brazil in this global context, with the aim of addressing the following question: how ready are Brazilian universities to contribute to industrial innovation, considering the growing globalisation of R&D? To address this question, the chapter reviews major policy developments over the last 15 years, delineating the conditions that shape the ability of Brazilian universities to contribute to industrial innovation in the 2010s.
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Notes
- 1.
In the 2012–2013 Times Higher Education World University Rankings, USP was Brazil’s highest ranked university at 158th and the only other Brazilian institution in the top 400 was the State University of Campinas (Unicamp), ranked between 251st and 275th. The Academic Ranking of World Universities lists USP in the 101–151 range, Unicamp in the 201–300 range, and four other universities between 301st and 500th.
- 2.
In 2011, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT) was renamed the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation (MCTI).
- 3.
Adams, Pendlebury, and Stembridge (2013) propose that comparatively low BERD may ‘be caused by unusually high levels of public R&D investment especially from a highly supportive tax regime in the São Paulo region’ (p. 7).
- 4.
Unicamp had 26,233 published scientific articles during 2003–2012, comparable to the 26,863 articles published by Iowa State (Thomson Reuters 2012). UNICAMP claims to have filed 12 Patent Cooperation Treaty international applications in the same time period.
- 5.
Similarly, at the state level, the university has been at the forefront of Inova São Paulo, an initiative to improve the processes for evaluating the potential and marketing of innovative technologies in the state’s universities. Through Inova, Unicamp also joined RedEmprendia, an Ibero-American network of universities for business incubation that promotes innovation and entrepreneurialism (USP and UFRGS are also members).
- 6.
Tecnopuc has twice received Anprotec’s (in partnership with the Sebrae) National Award for Innovative Entrepreneurship—Best Technology Park.
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Sá, C., Kretz, A., Sigurdson, K. (2015). Research and the ‘Third Mission’ in Light of Global Events. In: Schwartzman, S., Pinheiro, R., Pillay, P. (eds) Higher Education in the BRICS Countries. Higher Education Dynamics, vol 44. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9570-8_19
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