Abstract
In this chapter, we present examples of the nonclassical probabilistic behavior of concrete microbiological systems: cells and proteins. The experimental data exhibit the interference effect which is similar to interference of probabilities observed in quantum physics. Finally, we apply the formalism of quantum adaptive dynamics to model nonclassical probabilistic behavior of biosystems.
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Notes
- 1.
It is well known that the behavior of each cell is characterized by huge complexity. It can be compared with an actor who is playing simultaneously at a few different scenes participating in different (sometimes mutually incompatible) performances. Even smaller bio-systems, such as viruses and even proteins, exhibit complex behavior, which is characterized by nontrivial context-dependence and adaptivity to context variations.
- 2.
Since the operon theory was proposed in 1956–1961 by Jacob and Monod [1], the regulatory system of gene expression of lactose operon has been extensively studied and the molecular mechanism of it has been mostly elucidated including the catabolite repression phenomenon. The description of the molecular biological mechanism so far obtained and also the systems biology approach (reductionism) are presented in Sects. 3.3.1 and 3.3.2.
- 3.
It is clear that this contextual structure is isomorphic to the contextual structure of the two slit experiment in quantum physics, Sect. 4.1.1.
- 4.
We ignore the presence of other types of molecules, which are not essential for this type of gene expressions.
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Asano, M., Khrennikov, A., Ohya, M., Tanaka, Y., Yamato, I. (2015). Application of Adaptive Dynamics to Biology. In: Quantum Adaptivity in Biology: From Genetics to Cognition. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9819-8_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9819-8_5
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