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Political Ideology and Organizational Structure of Vietnam Nationalist Party

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The Vietnam Nationalist Party (1927-1954)

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Abstract

The analysis of the patterns of political ideology and organizational structure of Vietnam Nationalist Party (VNP) were the main content in this chapter. Influenced by the national ideas in Three People Principles of Sun Yat Sen , the foundations of political ideologies of VNP were patriotism and nationalism throughout struggle periods.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Lieu (1956).

  2. 2.

    Trung (1958).

  3. 3.

    Van Dao (1965).

  4. 4.

    See Tran Van Giau et al. (1963). This opinions is also found in:

    – Tran Van Giau, Sự phát triển của tư tưởng ở Việt Nam từ đầu thế kỷ XX đến Cách mạng tháng Tám (The ideological development of Viet Nam from the early twentieth century to August Revolution), KHXH Publisher, Ha Noi, 1974. In his book, he also explained that “nationalist revolution was in fact bourgeois revolution”, (p. 583)

    – C.A Mkhitarian (ed.), Vietnamese modern history (1917–1965), Moscow, 1970, p. 59 (Russian).

    – P. Brocheaux, D.Héremy, Indochine, une colonization ambigue (1858–1954), la Découverte, Paris, 1995, p. 299.

  5. 5.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958).

  6. 6.

    The book Vietnamese history (2nd volume) by O.V. Novacova, P.IU. Xveto, Moscow, 1995 (Russian) said that the precursor of VNP was established by Phan Bội Châu in 1924 in Guangzhou (China ), and its Program of action was identical to the one of its precursor which was based on the Three People Principles (p. 180). However, this opinion was not yet approved due to its lack of evidence.

  7. 7.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid.

  8. 8.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid.

  9. 9.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid. This policy reflected the progressiveness of VNP in understanding and following social equality, first and foremost gender equality.

  10. 10.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid., p. 98.

  11. 11.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid., p. 105.

  12. 12.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid., p. 38. After the Yen Bai uprising was suppressed, imprisoned VNP ’s members were engaged in heated debates on the party’s policy. Members who had been captured before February, 1929 only knew about the First Statute and Program of Action. Others who were arrested right before and after the Yen Bai event only recognized the Three People Principles .

  13. 13.

    This policy was presented during the first Congress of Chinese Koumintang (Jan, 1924). Accordingly, farmers were considered more important members of society and gained more respect from Sun Yat Sen than workers. See Thanh (2002).

  14. 14.

    Yat Sen (1995).

  15. 15.

    Thanh (2002), ibid., pp. 267–268.

  16. 16.

    Phan Bội Châu niên biểu (Chronology of Phan Bội Châu), Văn—Sử—Địa Publisher, Ha Noi, 1957, pp. 63–65; See Phan Bội Châu toàn tập (2001).

    On the time Phan Boi Chau met Sun Yat Sen in Japan, Nguyen Thanh wrote in “Ảnh hưởng của Tôn Trung Sơn”, Ibid., that it was in 1910, but it was baseless, as according to Phan Bội Châu niên biểu and other materials, Phan Bội Châu left Japan early in March, 1090. See more: Shiraishi Masaya, Phong trào dân tộc Viet Nam và mối quan hệ của nó với Nhật Bản và Châu Á (Vietnamese national movements and their relations with Japan and Asia), Tư tưởng của Phan Bội Châu về cách mạng Thế giới (Phan Bội Châu’s ideas on international revolution) (2nd edition),CTQG Publisher, Ha Noi, 2000, p. 301.

  17. 17.

    Thanh (2002), ibid., p. 270.

  18. 18.

    Yat Sen (1995), p. 189.

  19. 19.

    Toan (1985).

  20. 20.

    Tran Dan Tien, Những mẩu chuyện về đời hoạt động của Hồ Chủ tịch (Stories of President Ho's Life in revolutionary activities), Van Hoc Publisher, Ha Noi, 1975, p. 73. Tran Dan Tien was a secret name of Ho Chi Minh.

  21. 21.

    On this point, the journal La Revue Franco—annamite, said in its Issue dated August 4th, 1929 said that: “If one removes every noble word borrowed from the Chinese revolutionary party in the program of VNP , then only a statement remains: “Ask the French, and then turn away, whatever to do afterwards is unknown to the party’s members because their political and social programs are ambiguous”. See Quốc Anh , “Tìm hiểu mối quan hệ giữa khuynh hướng tiểu tư sản yêu nước với phong trào công nhân” (Introduction to relations between patriotic bourgeois movements and proletarian movements), Journal of Historical Research, 1st and 2nd issues/1975.

  22. 22.

    Sun Yat (1995), ibid., pp. 50–51.

  23. 23.

    See Engels (1960). Adapted from Quốc Anh : Tìm hiểu mối quan hệ…, Ibid.

  24. 24.

    See Tran Van Giau (1975).

  25. 25.

    See Khởi nghĩa Yên Bái 2—1930. Một số vấn đề lịch sử (The Yen Bai uprising February, 1930. Some historical issues) (Workshop proceedings, Dec, 1996), Yen Bai, 1997, p. 79.

  26. 26.

    Bach Dien, Nguyễn Thái Học và Việt Nam Quốc dân đảng (Nguyễn Thái Học and VNP ), Ngay Mai Publisher, Ha Noi, 1950, p. 15.

  27. 27.

    Lâm and Quýnh (2000).

  28. 28.

    Lâm and Quýnh (2000), ibid. Also according to Vu Huy Phucin his article Về cuộc khởi nghĩa chống Pháp ở Yen Bai 2—1930 (On the Yen Bai uprising against the French in Feb—1930), Ibid., p. 94, he was born in 1910. But in our opinion, had he been born in 1910 which would mean that if he was 18 in 1928, he could not have graduated from the College of Social Works.

  29. 29.

    Article written in English (archived at the Central Party’s Office). Adopted from: Trần Minh Tường, “Đường lối và phương pháp cách mạng Việt Nam Quốc dân đảng và Nguyễn Thái Học” (Revolutionary policy and method of VNP and Nguyễn Thái Học), Khởi nghĩa Yên Bái 2—1930, Ibid., p. 107.

  30. 30.

    Louis Marty , “Góp phần nghiên cứu lịch sử chính trị Đông Dương thuộc Pháp” (A contribution to research on the political history of French—occupied Indochina ), ibid., pp. 105–106.

  31. 31.

    Collected document in Kinh Ke, Lam Thao, Phu Tho .

  32. 32.

    According to Mr. Do Van Ducin My Duc, Kien An, Hai Phong and Hoang Van Dao, Việt Nam Quốc dân đảng — Lịch sử đấu tranh cận đại 1927–1954 (Viet Nam Quoc Dan Dang: A Contemporary History of a National Struggle: 1927–1954), p. 101.

  33. 33.

    C.A Mkhitarian (ed.), Vietnamese modern history (1917–1965), Moscow, 1970, p. 60 (Russian).

  34. 34.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid., p. 82.

  35. 35.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid., p. 89.

  36. 36.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid., p. 87.

  37. 37.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid., p. 94.

  38. 38.

    Lieu and Van Tao (1958), ibid., p. 116.

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  1. Hanoi University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Văn Khánh Nguyễn

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Nguyễn, V.K. (2016). Political Ideology and Organizational Structure of Vietnam Nationalist Party. In: The Vietnam Nationalist Party (1927-1954). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0075-1_3

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