Abstract
The previous chapter details a rating scale validation study in a quantitative approach. Instead of taking a bird’s-eye view from a statistical perspective, this chapter continues to validate the revised rating scale in a microscopic manner. In real practice, multimodal discourse analysis was deployed to further validate the rating scale from the perspective of associating and aligning the randomly selected candidates’ performance in nonverbal delivery with the subscores they were assigned by teacher and peer raters and the corresponding descriptors of the rating scale. It is anticipated that this qualitative validation study will further serve as a triangulation of examining the construct validity of the rating scale, particularly with a view to validating the “unconventional” dimension of Nonverbal Delivery.
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Notes
- 1.
The directionality of eye contact here is slightly distinguished from the AB phase, where the recipient of eye contact, such as the camera, was described. In this phase, forward eye contact means having an occurrence of eye contact with an unspecified object physically located in front of the speaker. In reverse, backward eye contact refers to the occurrence that a speaker looks at certain positions at his/her back.
- 2.
Upward eye contact and downward eye contact are described as looking at the objects whose location is, respectively, above (see Frame 8.4A as an illustration) and above (see Frame 8.4B as an illustration) the horizontal vision of the speaker. They are usually synchronised with moving the speaker’s head to a higher or lower position, which might facilitate the researcher’s judgment.
- 3.
As accorded with Martinec’s (2000) taxonomy, presenting functions mainly refers to those that do not generate representational or communicative meanings, such as those actions representative of the candidate’s nervousness in assessment contexts (see Section “Martinec’s Taxonomy on Actions” for more explanations).
- 4.
Similar to the directionalities of eye contact described in Sect. 8.3.1.1, gestures were observed with regard to the directions of hand movement. For instance, if an occurrence of moving the hand upwards from a lower position, its directionality is judged as upward.
- 5.
Hands level is judged when the location of hand(s) is considered in relation to the speaker’s head, chest, legs and waist.
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Pan, M. (2016). Rating Scale Validation: An MDA Approach. In: Nonverbal Delivery in Speaking Assessment. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0170-3_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0170-3_8
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