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Phytoremediation and Rhizoremediation: Uptake, Mobilization and Sequestration of Heavy Metals by Plants

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Plant-Microbe Interactions in Agro-Ecological Perspectives

Abstract

Microorganisms residing over the rhizosphere have the capability to catalyse metal uptake in a symbiotic relationship with the roots. This syntrophic relationship enhances the bioavailability of heavy metals and encourages the root adsorption capacity for vital in addition to non-essential metal. It also changes their chemical properties that ultimately have an effect on metal dissolution. Molecular level understanding of the physiological and evolutionary mechanism along with genetics and biochemistry principles underlying the uptake, transportation, translocation and storage of heavy metals (HMs) in model plant species thus allowing alteration to the HM stress can loan much to our comprehension of the fundamental segments of HM metabolism. A lucid understanding of molecular level changes is necessary for plant biotechnologist, regarding changes provoked in plants because of HM stress. It is also helpful to develop stress-resistant cultivars and species with superior phytoremediation capacity through cell and genetic engineering technologies. We hereby summarize the present understanding of HM uptake by plants and also provide a brief study related to their biochemical characteristics of take-up, transport and assortment plus injury and defence mechanism against HM. In this review chapter, we have also focused over the future prospect of research to enhance the discriminate perspective of the basic phytoremediation components specifically rhizoremediation of HMs.

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Acknowledgements

The first author is grateful to the University Grant Commission and Basic Scientific Research, New Delhi, for the financial grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, India

    Smita S. Kumar & Narsi R. Bishnoi

  2. Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, National University of Malaysia (UKM), 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Abudukeremu Kadier

  3. Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Sandeep K. Malyan

  4. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202001, India

    Altaf Ahmad

Authors
  1. Smita S. Kumar
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  2. Abudukeremu Kadier
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  3. Sandeep K. Malyan
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  4. Altaf Ahmad
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  5. Narsi R. Bishnoi
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Correspondence to Narsi R. Bishnoi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Dhananjaya Pratap Singh

  2. Department of Mycology & Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Harikesh Bahadur Singh

  3. Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India

    Ratna Prabha

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Kumar, S.S., Kadier, A., Malyan, S.K., Ahmad, A., Bishnoi, N.R. (2017). Phytoremediation and Rhizoremediation: Uptake, Mobilization and Sequestration of Heavy Metals by Plants. In: Singh, D., Singh, H., Prabha, R. (eds) Plant-Microbe Interactions in Agro-Ecological Perspectives. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6593-4_15

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