Abstract
Compacted expansive soils are widely used as engineered barriers in waste contaminant applications like landfills, brine ponds, and nuclear waste disposal sites. These liners are designed for very low hydraulic conductivity (<1 × 10−7 cm/s). Percolation of chemical waste or leachate results in physicochemical changes in compacted expansive soils which increases the hydraulic conductivity. This paper brings out the changes in swelling behavior and hydraulic conductivity of compacted expansive soil induced with osmotic gradients using NaCl and CaCl2 solutions. Multiple identical soil specimens placed in oedometer assemblies were inundated with distilled water, 0.4 and 4 M NaCl (monovalent cations), and 0.4 and 4 M CaCl2 (divalent cations) salt solutions and allowed to swell under a surcharge pressure of 12.5 kPa. Void ratio–water content plots were also traced during swelling process. Falling head permeability tests were conducted on swollen soil specimens in rigid wall oedometer permeameters under a hydraulic gradient (i) of 20. The experimental results showed that the swell potentials reduced and hydraulic conductivity increased with the increase in induced osmotic suction.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
ASTM D5856-15. (2015). Standard test method for measurement of hydraulic conductivity of porous material using a rigid-wall, compaction-mold permeameter. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International.
Gens, A., & Alonso, E. E. (1992). A framework for the behaviour of unsaturated expansive clays. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 29(6), 1013–1032.
Jo, H. Y., Katsumi, T., Benson, C. H., & Edil, T. B. (2001). Hydraulic conductivity and swelling of nonprehydrated GCLs permeated with single-species salt solutions. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 127(7), 557–567.
Lin, L., & Benson, C. H. (2000). Effect of wet-dry cycling on swelling and hydraulic conductivity of GCLs. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 126(1), 40–49.
Mesri, G., & Olson, R. E. (1971). Mechanisms controlling the permeability of clays. Clays and Clay Minerals, 19, 151–158.
Mishra, A. K., Ohtsubo, M., Li, L., & Higashi, T. (2005). Effect of Salt Concentrations on the permeability and compressibility of soil-bentonite Mixtures. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 50(2), 837–849.
Musso, G., Romero, E., & Vecchia, G. D. (2013). Double-structure effects on the chemo-hydro-mechanical behaviour of a compacted active clay. Geotechnique, 63(3), 206–220.
Petrov, R. J., & Rowe, R. K. (1997). Geosynthetic clay liner (GCL)-chemical compatibility by hydraulic conductivity testing and factors impacting its performance. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 34, 863–885.
Rao, S. M., Thyagaraj, T., & Thomas, H. R. (2006). Swelling of compacted clay under osmotic gradients. Geotechnique, 56(10), 707–713.
Thyagaraj, T., & Rao, S. M. (2010). Influence of osmotic suction on the soil-water characteristic curves of compacted expansive clay. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 136(12), 1695–1702.
Thyagaraj, T., Thomas, S. R., & Das, A. P. (2016) Physico-chemical effects on shrinkage behavior of compacted expansive clay. International Journal of Geomechanics, ASCE, 06016013.
Yong, R. N., & Wankentin, B. P. (1966). Introduction to soil behaviour. New York: The Macmillan Company.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Julina, M., Thyagaraj, T. (2019). Effect of Induced Osmotic Suction on Swell and Hydraulic Conductivity of an Expansive Soil. In: Stalin, V., Muttharam, M. (eds) Geotechnical Characterisation and Geoenvironmental Engineering. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering , vol 16. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0899-4_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0899-4_24
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-0898-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-0899-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)