Abstract
Blood-brain interfaces comprise the cerebral microvessel endothelium forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the epithelium of the choroid plexuses forming the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Their main functions are to impede free diffusion between brain fluids and blood; to provide transport processes for essential nutrients, ions, and metabolic waste products; and to regulate the homeostasis of central nervous system (CNS), all of which are attributed to absent fenestrations, high expression of tight junction proteins at cell-cell contacts, and expression of multiple transporters, receptors, and enzymes. Existence of BBB is an important reason that systemic drug administration is not suitable for the treatment of CNS diseases. Some diseases, such epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and diabetes, alter BBB function via affecting tight junction proteins or altering expression and function of these transporters. This chapter will illustrate function of BBB, expression of transporters, as well as their alterations under disease status.
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Acknowledgments
The project was in part supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81872930; 81573490) and “Double First-Class” University project (No. CPU2018GY22).
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Liu, L., Liu, X. (2019). Contributions of Drug Transporters to Blood-Brain Barriers. In: Liu, X., Pan, G. (eds) Drug Transporters in Drug Disposition, Effects and Toxicity. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1141. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7647-4_9
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Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-7646-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-7647-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)