Abstract
Motivation has an important role in second language acquisition especially in English-as-a-Second Language (ESL) countries. Disadvantages like insufficient input, lack of opportunities for interaction with English speakers, minimal amount of good English learning role models, and lack of social acceptance in becoming proficient English speakers are significant in most ESL contexts. Thus, it is crucial that teachers instil motivation in the students for successful acquisition of the second language (L2). This research used a mixed method of questionnaire and interview to investigate the use of motivational strategies by 13 National Defence University of Malaysia (NDUM) English instructors in L2 teaching. Results indicate that a number of strategies employed by the instructors improve the students’ motivation. However, the incorporation of these motivational strategies depend highly on the availability of time, situation of the class and personality of the instructors.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Al-Mahrooqi, R., Abrar-Ul-Hassan, S., & Asante, C. C. (2012). Analysing the use of motivational strategies by EFL teachers in Oman. Malaysian Journal of ELT Research, 8(1), 36–76.
Benson, P. (2000). Autonomy as a learners’ and teachers’ right. In B. Sinclair, I. McGrath, & T. Lamb (Eds.), Learner autonomy, teacher autonomy: Future directions (pp. 111–117). London: Longman.
Burns, S. (2010). How the other half learns. In R. Al-Mahrooqi & V. Tuzlukova (Eds.), The Omani ELT Symphony: Maintaining linguistic and socio-cultural equilibrium (pp. 91–110). Muscat: Sultan Qaboos University Academic Publication Board.
Cheng, H., & Dornyei, Z. (2007). The use of motivational strategies in language instruction: The case of EFL teaching in Taiwan. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 153–174.
Dörnyei, Z., & Csizér, K. (1998). Ten Commandments for motivating language learners: Results of an empirical study. Language Teaching Research, 2(3), 203–229.
Dörnyei, Z., & Murphey, T. (2003). Group dynamics in the language classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Emily, A. R. (2012). The National Defence University of Malaysia teachers’ perspectives of learner autonomy. Unpublished manuscript,The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Malaysia.
Gardner, R. C. (1985). Social psychology and second language learning: The role of attitudes and motivation. London: Edward Arnold.
Gardner, R. C., & Lambert, W. E. (1959). Motivational variables in second language acquisition. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 13, 266–272.
Holec, H. (1981). Autonomy in foreign language learning. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Krashen, S. D. (1981). Second language acquisition and second language learning. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rost, M. (2006). Generating student motivation. [Online] Pearson Education, Inc. Available at:http://www.longman.com/worldview. Accessed 25 May 2012.
Tremblay, P. F., & Gardner, R. C. (1995). Expanding the motivation construct in language learning. Modern Language Journal, 79, 505–520.
Young, D. J. (Ed.). (1999). Affect in foreign language and second language learning. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore
About this paper
Cite this paper
Rahman, E.A. (2016). The Use of Motivational Strategies by ESL Teachers in the National Defence University of Malaysia (NDUM). In: Fook, C., Sidhu, G., Narasuman, S., Fong, L., Abdul Rahman, S. (eds) 7th International Conference on University Learning and Teaching (InCULT 2014) Proceedings. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-664-5_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-664-5_20
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-287-663-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-287-664-5
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)