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Modeling the mycelium morphology of Penicillium species in submerged cultures

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Relation Between Morphology and Process Performances

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 60))

Abstract

Modeling the mycelium morphology of filamentous fungi is valuable in connection with studies of their growth mechanisms, i.e. tip extension and branching, and in this work a general frame for morphological models is presented. The general frame consist of a population balance equation (PBE) for a two-dimensional density function, which describes the properties, i.e. the number of tips and the total hyphal length, of a population of hyphal elements. From the general PBE, balances for the average properties of the population can be derived. After presentation of the general model frame the kinetics for the different processes influencing the mycelium morphology, i.e. spore germination, growth, and hyphal fragmentation, are reviewed. Thereafter follows an overview of different kinetic models presented in the literature. The models are divided into four groups: single hyphal element/branch models; average property models; population models; and morphological structured models. Models within the first three groups are discussed and presented within the general frame. Finally some solutions to the general PBE are presented and aspects on model verification based on experimental data are discussed.

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Abbreviations

B(α, β):

the beta function

c:

steepness/skewness parameter in Eq. (14)

cv :

concentration of vesicles at the hyphal tip

d:

diameter of the hyphae

ds :

diameter of the stirrer

D:

dilution rate

e:

the concentration of hyphal elements

espore :

the inoculum concentrations of spores

f(lt,n,t):

number density function

f0(lt,n):

initial number density function

f(r):

absorption rate of vesicles at the hyphal tip at a radius r from the center axis

g(z,t):

germination frequency

h(lt,n,z,t):

net rate of formation of hyphal elements with the properties (lt,n)

hf(lt,n,z,t):

net rate of formation of hyphal elements with the properties (lt,n) by fragmentation

hg(lt,n,z,t):

net rate of formation of hyphal elements with the properties (lt,n) by germination

kbran :

branching parameter

ktensile :

tensile strength of the hyphal wall

K:

allometric coefficient

Kbr :

saturation parameter

Kt :

saturation parameter

Kv :

saturation parameter in Eq. (25)

ktip :

maximum tip extension rate

lbranch :

the length at which branching starts

le,av :

average effective length

le,max :

maximum effective length at which fragmentation does not occur

lt :

total length of a hyphal element

lt,av :

average total length per hyphal element

lt,g :

length of a newly germinated spore

ltip :

constant in Eq. (19)

n:

number of active growing tips in a hyphal element

nav :

average number of tips per hyphal element

N:

stirrer speed

p((lt′,n′),(lt,n)):

partitioning function

pl(lt,z,t):

probability that a newly germinated spore will have the hyphal length lt

pn(n,z,t):

probability that a newly germinated spore will have n number of tips

Pg :

power input at gassed conditions

qbran(lt,n,z):

branching frequency

qfrag(lt,n,z):

rate of fragmentation

qtip(lt,n,z):

tip extension rate

r:

the radius of the hyphae

rabs :

absorption rate of vesicles at the hyphal tip

rabs,max :

maximum absorption rate of vesicles at the hyphal tip

F :

the normalized germination time

tc :

the circulation time

tf :

the time at which germination stops

ts :

the time at which germination starts

V:

the volume of the culture

ym :

state-vector of the hyphal element

yviab :

the viability of spores

z:

vector of environmental conditions

α:

steepness/skewness parameter in Eq. (13)

β:

steepness/skewness parameter in Eq. (13)

λ:

the time at which half of the viable spores have germinated

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Process Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark

    P. Krabben & J. Nielsen

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  1. P. Krabben
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K. Schügerl (Volume Editor)

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© 1998 Springer-Verlag

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Krabben, P., Nielsen, J. (1998). Modeling the mycelium morphology of Penicillium species in submerged cultures. In: Schügerl, K. (eds) Relation Between Morphology and Process Performances. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 60. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0102281

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0102281

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-62567-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68082-6

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