Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Apoptosis

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 62))

Abstract

Programmed cell death and apoptosis have now been recognised as biological phenomena which are of fundamental importance to the integrity of organisms. What may have evolved as an altruistic defence against pathogen invasion in simple organisms is now a major regulatory mechanism in the development and maintenance of multi-cellular organisms. The classically defined morphological characteristics of apoptosis are now accompanied by a plethora of information regarding common biochemical and genetic mediators of programmed cell death. It is apparent that life and death decisions are taken by individual cells based on their interpretation of physiological signals, or their own self-assessment of internal damage. The knowledge that cell death is a genetically regulated process has highlighted an inherent potential for manipulation and offered new avenues for research into several diseases, and also productivity improvements in the biotechnology industry. This relatively “new frontier” in cell science has undoubtedly widened our perspectives and may provide novel strategies to expedite both medical and biotechnological research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Abbreviations

CML:

chronic myeloid leukaemia

ΔΨm :

mitochondrial transmembrane potential

GST:

glutathione S-transferases

LRP:

lung resistance protein

PARP:

poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase

PCD:

programmed cell death

PDGF:

platelet derived growth factor

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

VM26:

Tenoposide

References

  1. Clarke PGH, Clark S (1996) Anat Embryol 193:81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Lockshin RA, Williams CM (1964) J Insect Physiol 10:643

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Saunders JW (1966) Science 154:604

    Google Scholar 

  4. Tata JR (1966) Dev Biol 13:77

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Munk A (1971) Perspect Biol Med 14:265

    Google Scholar 

  6. Lockshin RA (1969) J Insect Physiol 15:1505

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Kerr JFR, Wyllie AH, Currie AH (1972) Br J Cancer 26:239

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Currie AR (1980) 68:251

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ellis HM, Horvitz HR (1986) Cell 44:817

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ellis RE, Yuan JY, Horvitz HR (1991) Ann Rev Cell Biol 7:663

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Williams GT, Smith CA, McCarthy NJ Grimes EA (1992) Trends Cell Biol 2:263

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Yuan J, Shahan S, Ledoux S, Ellis HM, Horvitz HR (1993) Cell 75:641

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Hengartner MO, Horvitz HR (1994) Cell 76:665

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. White E (1996) Genes and Dev 10:1

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Chinnaiyan A, Dixit V (1996) Curr Biol 6:555

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Cohen JJ, Duke RC, Fadok VA, Sellins KS (1992) Ann Rev Immunol 10:267

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Schwarz LM, Smith SW, Jones MEE, Osborne BA (1993) 90:980

    Google Scholar 

  18. Jacobson MD, Weil M, Raff MC (1997) Cell 88:347

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Vaux DL, Weissman IL, Kim SK (1992) Science 258:1955

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Cornillon S, Foa C, Davoust J, Buonavista N, Gross JD, Goldstein P (1994) J Cell Sci 107:2691

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Ameisen JC, Idziorek T, Billaut-Mulot O, Loyens M, Tissier JP, Potentier A (1995) Cell Death and Diff 2:285

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Haecker G, Vaux DL (1994) Trends Biochem Sci 19:99

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Yu YT, Snyder L (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:802

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Snyder L (1995) Mol Microbiol 15:415

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Greenberg AH (1996) Cell Death and Diff 3:269

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Arends MJ, Morris RJ, Wyllie AH (1990) Am J Pathol 136:593.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Kerr JFR, Searle J, Harmon BV, Bishop CJ (1987) Apoptosis. In: Potten CS (ed) Perspectives on mammalian cell death. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, Tokyo. p 93

    Google Scholar 

  28. Coucouvanis E, Martin GR (1995) Cell 83:279

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Glucksmann A (1951) Biol Rev 26:59

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lewinson D, Silbermann M (1992) Anat Rec 233:504

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Furtwangler JA, Hall SH, Koskinen ML (1985) Acta Anat 124:74

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Penfold PL, Provis JM (1986) Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 224:549

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Barde YA (1989) Neuron 2:1525

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Oppenheim RW (1991) Annu Rev Neurosci 14:453

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. White E, Livanos EM, Tlsty TD (1994) Genes Dev 8:666

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Kuida K, Zheng TS, Na S, Kuan C-Y, Yang D, Karasuyama H, Rakic P, Flavell RA (1996) Nature 384:368

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Raff MC (1992) Nature 356:397

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. McKenna SL, Cotter TG (1997) Adv Cancer Res 71:121

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Berke G (1995) Cell 81:9

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Cohen JJ, Duke RC (1984) J Immunol 132:38

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Oberhammer F, Wilson JW, Dive C, Morris ID, Hickman JA, Wakeling AE, Walker PR, Sikorska M (1993) EMBO J 12:3670

    Google Scholar 

  42. Brown DG, Sun XM, Cohen GM (1993) J Biol Chem 268:3037

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Walker PR, Pandey S, Sikorska M (1995) Cell Death Diff 2:97

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Filipski J, Leblanc J, Youdale T, Sikorska M, Walker PR (1990) EMBO J 9: 1319

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Walker PR, Sikorska M (1986) Biochemistry 25:3839

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Peitsch MC, Polzar B, Stephen H, Crompton T, Macdonald HR, Mannherz HG, Tschopp J (1993) EMBO J 12:371

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Barry MA, Eastman A (1993) Arc Biochem Biophys 300:440

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Gaido ML, Cidlowski JA (1991) J Biol Chem 266:18,580

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Deng G, Podack ER (1995) FASEB J 9:665

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Tanuma S, Shiokawa D (1994) Biochem Biophys Res Comm 203:789

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Montague JW, Gaido ML, Frye C, Cidlowski JA (1994) J Biol Chem 269:18,877

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Nikonova LV, Beletsky IP, Umansky SR (1993) Eur J Biochem 215:893

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Walker PR, Sikorska M (1994) Biochem Cell Biol 72:615

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Hughes FM, Cidlowski JA (1994) Cell Death Diff 1:11.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Anzai N, Kawabata H, Hirama T, Masutani H, Ueda Y, Yoshida Y, Okuma M (1995) Blood 86:917

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Martin SJ, Green DR (1995) Cell 82:349.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Zhivotovsky B, Burgess DH, Orrenius S (1996) Experientia 52:968

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Jacobsen MD, Burnett JF, Raff MC (1994) EMBO J 13:1899

    Google Scholar 

  59. Martin SJ, Newmeyer DD, Mathias S, Farschon DM, Wang HG, Reed JC, Kolesnick RN, Green DR (1995) EMBO J 14:5191

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Kayalar C, Ord T, Testa MP, Zhong LT, Bredesen DE (1996) Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 93:2234

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Martin SJ, O'Brien GA, Nishioka WK, McGahon AJ, Mahboubi A, Saido TC, Green DR (1995) J Biol Chem 270:6425

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Hockenberry DM, Oltvai ZN, Yin XM, Milliman CL, Korsmeyer SJ (1993) Cell 75:241

    Google Scholar 

  63. Zamzami N, Susin SA, Marchetti P, Hirsch T, Gomez-Monterray I, Castedo M, Kroemer G (1996) J Exp Med 183:1533

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Jacobson MD, Burnett JF, King MD, Miyashita T, Reed JC, Raff MC (1993) Nature 361:365

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Jacobson MD, Raff MC (1995) Nature 374:814

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Fesus L, Thomazy V, Falus A (1987) FEBS Lett 224:104

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Savill JS, Hogg N, Ren Y, Haslett C (1992) J Clin Invest 90:1513

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Martin SJ, Reutlingsperger CP, McGahon AJ, Rader AJ, van-Schie RC, LaFace DM, Green DR (1995) J Exp Med 182:1545

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Yonehara S, Ishiti A, Yonehara M (1989) J Exp Med 169:1747

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Itoh N, Yonehara S, Ishii A, Yonehar M, Mizushima S, Sameshima M, Hase A, Seto Y, Nagata S (1991) Cell 66:233

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Collins MKL, Lopez Rivas A (1993) TIBS 18:307

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Ruoslahti E, Reed JC (1994) Cell 77:477

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Kaufmann SH (1989) Cancer Res 49:5870

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Hannun YA (1997) Blood 89: 1845

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. McKenna SL, Padua RA (1997) Br J Haematol 96:659

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Calsou P, Salles B (1993) Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 32:85

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Fox M, Roberts JJ (1987) Canc and Metas Rev 6:261

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Feige U, Polla B (1994) Experientia 50:979

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Morgan SE, Kastan MB (1997) Adv. Cancer Res 71:1

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Yonish-Rouach E (1996) Experientia 52:1001

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. de Murcia G, de Murcia JM (1994) TIBS 19:172

    Google Scholar 

  82. Lindahl T, Satoh MS, Poirier GG, Klungland A (1995) TIBS 20:405

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Satoh MS, Lindahl T (1992) Nature 356:356

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Hale AJ, Smith CA, Sutherland LC, Stoneman VEA, Longthorne VL, Culhane AC, Williams GT (1996) Eur J Biochem 236:1

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. McConkey DJ, Nicoterra P, Orrenius S (1994) Immunol Rev 142:343

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Buttke TM, Sandstrom PA (1994) Immunol Today 15:7

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Slater AFG, Stefan C, Nobel I, van del Dobbelsteen DJ, Orrenius S (1996) Cell Death Diff 3:57

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Erpel T, Courtneidge SA (1995) Curr Opin Cell Biol 7:176

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Uckun FM, Tuel-Ahlgren L, Song CW, Waddick K, Myers DE, Kirihara J, Ledbetter JA, Schieven GL (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:9005

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. McGahon A, Bissonnette R, Schmidt M, Cotter KM, Green DR, Cotter TG (1994) Blood 83:1179

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Shi L, Nishioka WK, Th'ng J, Bradbury EM, Litchfield DW, Greenberg AH (1994) Science 263:1143

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Obeid LM, Linardic CM, Karolak LA, Hannun YA (1993) Science 259:1769

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Quintans J, Gottschalk AR (1994) The Immunologist 2: 185

    Google Scholar 

  94. Hannun YA, Obeid LM (1995) TIBS 20:73

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Lavin MF, Watters D, Qizhong S (1996) Experientia 52:979

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Sawai H, Okazaki T, Yamamoto H, Okano H, Takeda Y, Tashima M, Sawada H, Okuma M, Ishikura H, Umechara H, Domae N (1995) J Biol Chem 270: 27,326

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Bessho R, Matsubara K, Kubota M, Kuwakado K, Hirota H, Wakazono Y, Wei Lin Y, Okuda A, Kawai M, Nishikomori R, Heike T (1994) Biochem Pharm 48: 1833

    Google Scholar 

  98. McGowan AJ, Ruiz-Ruiz MC, Gorman AM, Lopez Rivas A, Cotter TG (1996) FEBS Lett 392:299

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Lennon SV, Martin SJ, Cotter TG (1991) Cell Prolif 24:203

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Torres-Roca JF, Lecoeur H, Amatore C, Gougeon ML (1995) Cell Death Diff 2:309

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Nobel CSI, Kimland M, Lind B, Orrenius S, Slater AFG (1995) J Biol Chem 270:26,202

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Behl C, Davis JB, Lesley R, Schubert D (1994) Cell 77:817

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Schulze-Osthoff K, Bakker AC, Vanhaesebroeck B, Beyaert R, Jacob WA, Fiers W (1992) J Biol Chem 267:5317

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Slater AFG, Stefan C, Nobel I, Maellaro E, Bustamante J, Kimland M, Orrenius S (1995) Biochem J 306:771

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Verhaegen S, McGowan AJ, Brophy AR, Fernandes RS, Cotter TG (1995) Biochem Pharm 50:1021

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Briehl MM, Baker AF (1996) Cell Death Diff 3:63

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Jacobson MD, Raff MC (1995) Nature 374:814

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Shimizu S, Eguchl Y, Kosaka H, Kamiike W, Masuda H, Tsujimoto Y (1995) Nature 374:811

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Richter C (1993) FEBS Lett 325: 104

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Grune T, Reinheckel T, Joshi M, Davies KJA (1995) J Biol Chem 270:2344

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Yang E, Korsmeyer SJ (1996) Blood 88:386

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Vaux DL, Aguila HL, Weissman IL (1992) Int Immunol 4:821

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Nguyen M, Branton PE, Walton PA, Oltvai ZN, Korsmeyer SJ, Shore GC (1994) J Biol Chem 269:16,521

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Muchmore SW, Sattler M, Liang H, Meadows RP, Harlan JE, Yoon HS, Nettesheim D, Chang BS, Thompson CB, Wong SL, Ng S-C, Fesik SW (1996) Nature 381:335

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Lin Y, Benchimol S (1995) Mol Cell Biol 15:6045

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Blandino G, Scardigli R, Rizzo MG, Crescenzi M, Soddu S, Sacchi A (1995) Oncogene 10:731

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Zhu Y-M, Bradbury DA, Russel NH (1994) Br J Cancer 69:468

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Deng C, Zhang P, Harper JW, Elledge SJ, Leder P (1995) Cell 82:675

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Brugarolas J, Chandrasekaran C, Gordon JI, Beach D, Jacks T, Hannon JG (1995) Nature 377:552

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Guillouf C, Grana X, Selvakumaran M, De Luca XA, Giordano, A, Hoffman B, Liebermann DA (1995) Blood 85:2691

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Yonish-Rouach E, Deguin V, Zaitchouk T, Breugnot C, Mishal Z, Jenkins JR, May E (1995) Oncogene 11:2197

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Sabbatini P, Lin J, Levine AJ, White E (1995) Genes and Dev 9:2184

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Caelles C, Helmberg A, Karin M (1994) Nature 370:220

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Haupt Y, Rowan S, Shaulian E, Vousden KH, Oren M (1995) Genes and Dev 9: 2170

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Miyashita T, Reed JC (1995) Cell 80:293

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Owen-Schaub LB, Zhang W, Cusack JC, Angelo LS, Santee SM, Fujiwara T, Roth JA, Deisseroth AB, Zhang W-W, Kruzel E (1995) Mol Cell Biol 15:3032

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Miyashita T, Harigai M, Hanada M, Reed JC (1994) Cancer Res 54:3131

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Clark AR, Purdie CA, Harrison DJ, Morris RG, Bird CC, Hooper ML, Wyllie AH (1993) Nature 362:849

    Google Scholar 

  129. Amati B, Land H (1994) Curr Opin Genet Dev 4:102

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Evan GI, Wyllie AH, Gilbert CS, Littlewood TD, Land H, Brooks M, Waters CM, Penn LZ, Hancock DC (1992) Cell 69:119

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Harrington EA, Bennett MR, Fanidi A, Evan GI (1994) EMBO J 13:3286

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Bissonnette RP, Echeverri F, Mahboubi A, Green DR (1992) Nature 359:552

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Fanidi A, Harrington EA, Evan GI (1992) Nature 359:554

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Lotem J, Sachs L (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:9672

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Cory S, Harris AW, Strasser A (1994) Philos-Trans-R-Soc-Lond-B-Biol-Sci 345:289

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Green DR, Bissonnette RP, Cotter TG (1994) Apoptosis and Cancer. In: De Vita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (eds) Important advances in oncology. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, p 37

    Google Scholar 

  137. Barbacid M (1987) Ann Rev Biochem 56:779

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Tanaka N, Ishihara M, Kitagawa M, Harada H, Kimura T, Matsuyama T, Lamphier MS, Aizawa S, Mak TW, Taniguchi T (1994) Cell 77:829

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Chen CY, Faller DV (1995) Oncogene 11:1487

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Lin HJL, Eivner V, Prendergast GC, White E (1995) Mol Cell Biol 15:4536

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Fernandez-Sarabia MJ, Bischoff JR (1994) Nature 366:274

    Google Scholar 

  142. Wang H-G, Millan JA, Cox AD, Der CJ, Rapp UR, Beck T, Zha H, Reed JC (1995) J Cell Biol 129:1103

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Fernandes RS, Gorman AM, McGahon A, Lawlor M, McCann S, Cotter TG (1996) Leukemia 10:S17

    Google Scholar 

  144. Rovera G, Valtieri M, Maullo F, Reedy EP (1987) Oncogene 1:29

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Daley GQ, Baltimore D (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:9312

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. McGahon AJ, Nishioka WK, Martin SJ, Mahboubi A, Cotter TG, Green DR (1995) J Biol Chem 270:22,625

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Sanchez-Garcia I, Grutz G (1995) Proc. Natl Acad Sci USA 92:5287

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. McGahon AJ, Martin SJ, Jin Yoo N, Bissonette, RP, Harigai M, Cotter TG, Reed JC, Green DR (1997) Submitted

    Google Scholar 

  149. Nagata S, Goldstein P (1995) Science 267:1449

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Chinnaiyan AM, O'Rourke K, Yu G-L, Lyons RH, Garg M, Duan RD, Xing L, Gentz R, Ni J, Dixit VM (1996) Science 274:990

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Brojatsch J, Naughton J, Rolls MM, Zingler K, Young JAT (1996) Cell 87: 845

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Alnemri ES, Livingston DJ, Nicholson DW, Salvesen G, Thornberry NA, Wong WW, Yuan J (1996) Cell 87:171

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Kumar S, Lavin MF (1996) Cell Death Diff 3:255

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Miura M, Zhu H, Rotello R, Hartwieg EA, Yuan J (1993) Cell 75:653

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Bump NJ, Hackett M, Hugunin M, Seshagiri S, Brady K, Chen P, Ferenz C, Franklin S, Ghayur T, Li P, Licari P, Mankovich J, Shi L Greenberg A, Miller LK, Wong WW (1995) Science 269:1885

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Tewari M, Dixit VM (1995) J Biol Chem 270:3255

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Kumar S (1997) Cell Death Diff 4:2

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Chinnaiyan AM, O'Rourke K, Lane BR, Dixit VM (1997) Science 275:1122

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Wu D, Wallen HD, Nunez G (1997) Science 275:1126

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Yang J, Liu X, Bhalla K, Kim CN, Ibrado AM, Cai J, Peng TI, Jones DP, Wang X (1997) Science 275:1129

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Kroemer G, Zamzami N, Susin SA (1997) Immunol Today 18:44

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Rao L, Debbas M, Sabbatini P, Hockenbery D, Korsmeyer S, White E (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:7742

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Yew PR, Berk AJ (1992) Nature 357:82

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Henderson S, Huen D, Rowe C, Dawson G, Johnson G, Rickinson A (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:8479

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Ray CA, Black RA, Kronheim TA, Greenstreet PR, Sleath GS, Salvesen GS, Pickup DJ (1992) Cell 69:597

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Clem RJ, Hardwick JM, Miller LK (1996) Cell Death and Diff 3:9

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Roy N, Mahadevan MS, McLean M, Shutler G, Yaraghi Z, Farahani R, Baird S, Besner-Johnston A, Lefebvre C, Kang X, Salih M, Aubry A, Tamai K, Guan X, Ioannou P, Crawford TO, de Jong PJ, Surh L, Ikeda JE, Korneluk RG, MacKenzie A (1995) Cell 80:167

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Carson DA, Ribeiro JM (1993) The Lancet 341:1251

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Gorman AM, McGowan A, O'Neill C, Cotter T (1996) J Neurological Sci 139:45

    Google Scholar 

  170. Portera-Cailliau C, Sung C-H, Nathans J, Adler R (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 974

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Ameisen JC (1995) HIV infection and T-cell death. In Gregory CD (ed) Apoptosis and the immune response. Wiley-Liss, New York, p 115

    Google Scholar 

  172. Lacronique V, Mignon A, Fabre M, Violett B, Rouquet N, Molina T, Porteu A, Henrion A, Bouscary D, Varlet P, Joilin V, Kahn A (1996) Nature Med 2:80

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Nagata S, Suda T (1995) Immunol Today 16:39

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Rieux-Laucat F, Deist F, Hivroz C, Roberts A, Debatin K, Fischer A, de Villartay J (1995) Science 268:1347

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Pace GW, Leaf CD (1995) Free Rads Biol Med 19:523

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Cerrutti PA (1985) Science 227:375

    Google Scholar 

  177. Mercille S, Massie B (1994) Biotechnol Bioeng 44:1140

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Al-Rubeai M, Singh RP, Goldman MH, Emery AN (1995) Biotechnol Bioeng 45:463

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Simpson NH, Milner AE, Al-Rubeai M (1997) Biotechnol. Bioeng (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  180. Xiang J, Chao DT, Korsmeyer SJ (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:14,559

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tumour Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland

    Sharon L. McKenna, Adrian J. McGowan & Thomas G. Cotter

Authors
  1. Sharon L. McKenna
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Adrian J. McGowan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Thomas G. Cotter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

M. Al-Rubeai (Volume Editor)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

McKenna, S.L., McGowan, A.J., Cotter, T.G. (1998). Molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death. In: Al-Rubeai, M. (eds) Apoptosis. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 62. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0102304

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0102304

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-64153-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69694-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation