Abstract
There is much to suggest that the world wars and the post war settlements marked major turning points in the ability to establish stable and successful societies in Western Europe. World War One was followed by a period of great instability, culminating in many cases in the overthrow of democracy, the rise of fascism and eventually further war. After World War Two most Western European countries enjoyed a lengthy period of unparalleled stability and prosperity. Now there is a growing feeling that the end of the Cold War marks another turning point. This book is about the turning points of 1918, 1945 and 1989 and their relationship to the stability and prosperity of Western European societies.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Reference
Randall Collins, see Weberian Sociological Theory. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986).
E. Hobsbawm, Age of Extremes. (London: Michael Joseph, 1994).
M. Mazower, Dark Continent. (Harmondsworth: Allen Lane, 1998).
N. Ferguson, The Pity of War. (Harmondsworth: Allen Lane, 1998).
P. Hirst and G. Thompson, Globalization in Question. (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1996).
N. Davies, Europe. A History. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996).
C. Maier, Recasting Bourgeois Europe. Stabilisation in France, Germany and Italy in the Decade After WWI. (Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1975).
C. Maier, ‘The Two Post-war Eras and the Conditions for Stability in Twentieth Century Western Europe’, American Historical Review, 86, 2 (1981), pp. 527–52.
C. Maier, ‘The Collapse of Communism: Approaches for a Future History’, History Workshop Journal, 31, Spring, (1991) 34–59.
P. Clavin, The Great Depression in Europe, 1929–1939. (Basingstoke: Macmillan now Palgrave, 2000) pp. 213–14.
T. Geiger, ‘Pax Americana and European Integration, 1945–58’, in T. Geiger and P. Kennedy (eds), Regional Trade Blocs, Multilateralism and the GATT: Complementary Paths to Free Trade? (London: Pinter, 1996) pp. 56–78.
R. Service, A History of Twentieth-Century Russia. (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1998).
I.T. Berend, Central and Eastern Europe 1944–1993. Detour from Periphery to Periphery. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
A. Milward, The Reconstruction of Western Europe 1945–51. (London: Metheun, 1984)
The European Rescue of the Nation-State. (London: Routledge, 1992.
M. J. Hogan, The Marshall Plan. America, Britain and the Reconstruction of Western Europe. (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1987).
J. Peterson and E. Bomberg, Decision-Making in the European Union. (Basingstoke: Macmillan now Palgrave, 1999) pp. 250–1.
J. Peterson, Europe and America. The Prospects for Participation, 2nd edition. (London: Routledge, 1996).
J. Sperling (ed.), Europe in Change. Two Tiers or Two Speeds? The European Security Order and the Enlargement of the European Union and Nato. (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1999).
M. Ignatieff, ‘The New American Way of War’, New York Review of Books, 20 July 2000, pp. 42–6.
S. Dunn and T. G. Fraser, Europe and Ethnicity. World War I and Contemporary Ethnic Conflict. (London, Routledge, 1996).
M. Glenny, The Balkans 1804–1999. Nationalism, War and the Great Powers. (London: Granta Books, 1999).
M. R. Marrus, The Unwanted: European Refugees in the Twentieth Century. (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1985).
C. M. Skran, Refugees in Inter-War Europe: the Emergence of a Regime. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994).
A. Bloch and C. Levy (eds.), Refugees, Citizenship and Social Policy in Europe. (Basingstoke: Macmillan now Palgrave, 1999).
C. Levy, ‘Fascism, National Socialism and Conservatives in Europe, 1914–1945: Issues for Comparativists’, Contemporary European History, 8, 1 (1999) 97–126.
M. Wolfe, ‘Avoiding the trap of transition’, Financial Times, 11 October 2000, p. 25.
C. Levy, ‘Max Weber and European Integration’, in R. Schroeder (ed.), Max Weber, Democracy and Modernization. (Basingstoke: Macmillan now Palgrave, 1998) pp. 124–5.
P. Ginsborg, L’Italia del tempo presente. Famiglia, società civile, Stato 1980–1996. (Turin: Einaudi, 1998) pp. 27–59.
C. Levy,’From Fascism to ‘Post-Fascists’: Italian Roads to Modernity’, in R. Bessel (ed.), Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany: Comparisons and Contrasts. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996) pp. 165–96.
S. Strasser, C. McGovern and M. Judt (eds), Getting and Spending. European and American Consumer Societies in the Twentieth Century. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).
C. Duggan and C. Wagstaff (eds.), Italy in the Cold War: Politics, Culture, Society 1948–1958. (Oxford: Berg, 1995).
N. White, Reconstructing Italian Fashion. American and the Development of the Italian Fashion Industry. (Oxford: Berg, 2000).
V. De Grazia, How Fascism Ruled Women. Italy, 1922–1945. (Berkeley : University of California Press, 1992) pp. 272–88.
S. Berger, M. Donovan and K. Passmore (eds), Writing National Histories. Western Europe Since 1800. (London, Routledge, 1999) Part VII.
S. Khilnani, Arguing Revolution: the Intellectual Left in Postwar France. (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1992).
A. Marwick, The Sixties. Cultural Revolution in Britain, France, Italy and the United States c. 1958–1974. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998).
D. Richardson and C. A. Rootes (eds), The Green Challenge. The Development of Green Parties in Europe. (London: Routledge, 1995).
S. Tarrow, Democracy and Disorder. Protest and Politics in Italy, 1965–1975. (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1989).
G. Bedani, Politics and Ideology in the Italian Workers’ Movement. (Oxford, Berg, 1995) pp. 139–94.
J. Farrell and C. Levy, ‘The Northern League: Conservative Revolution?’, in C. Levy (ed.), Italian Regionalism. History, Identity, Politics. (Oxford: Berg, 1996) pp. 131–50.
S. Gundle and S. Parker (eds), The New Italian Republic. From the Fall of the Berlin Wall to Berlusconi. (London: Routledge, 1996).
C. A. Rootes, ‘Student Activism in France: 1968 and After’, in P. Cerny (ed.), Social Movements and Protest in France. (London: Pinter, 1982).
L. Cheles et al. (eds), Neo-Fascism in Western and Eastern Europe, 2nd edition. (London: Longman, 1995).
P. Taggart, Populism. (Buckingham: Open University Press, 2000) pp. 73–88.
A. Cole, Franco-German Relations. (London: Longman, 2001).
R. Dahrendorf, Society and Democracy in Germany. (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1967).
J. Gillingham, Coal, Steel and the Rebirth of Europe 1945–1955. The Germans and the French from Ruhr Conflict to European Community. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991).
U. Herbert, Hitler’s Foreign Workers: Enforced Foreign Labour in Germany under the Third Reich. (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1997).
C. Levy (ed.), Italian Regionalism. History Identity Politics. (Oxford: Berg, 1996).
G. Pasquino, ‘Political Development’, in P. McCarthy (ed.), Italy since 1945, pp. 87–94.
A. A. Kallis, Fascist Ideology. Territory and Expansionism in Italy and Germany, 1922–45. (London: Routledge, 2000) pp. 11–26.
M. Knox, Common Destiny. Dictatorship, Foreign Policy and War in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2000).
S. Berger, ‘Historians and Nation-Building after Reunification’, Past & Present, 148 (1995) 187–222.
T. Garton Ash, ‘The Last Revolution’, New York Review of Books, 16 November 2000, pp. 8, 10–14.
C. Levy, ‘The European Road to the Information Superhighway’, in V. Symes, C. Levy and J. Littlewood (eds), The Future of Europe. Policies and Issues for the Twenty-First Century. (Basingstoke, Macmillan now Palgrave, 1997), pp, 175–205.
G. Esping-Andersen, The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. (Cambridge, Polity Press, 1990).
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2002 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Levy, C. (2002). 1918–1945–1989: The Making and Unmaking of Stable Societies in Western Europe. In: Levy, C., Roseman, M. (eds) Three Postwar Eras in Comparison. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230294134_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230294134_1
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-40489-6
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-29413-4
eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)