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Part of the book series: Palgrave Historical Studies in Witchcraft and Magic ((PHSWM))

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Abstract

At the turn of the century, Victorian Britain witnessed a revival of interest in magic and the occult. All sorts of respectable men and women were dabbling in dubious pastimes such as ritual magic and attempting to communicate with the dead. Medical doctors donned ceremonial dress and wielded wands in magical ritual; an accountant and a tea heiress astrally projected themselves to other planets; actors and poets gathered together to transmute evil into good. Such gatherings were by no means unusual. Throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century such individuals gathered together in groups to practise and study magic for a variety of purposes including communicating with one’s guardian angel, healing the sick, interplanetary travel, and even murder. However, while certain individuals did seek such objectives in their pursuit of occult knowledge, the average Victorian magician was seeking something far less sensational but just as radical. Men and women across Britain were joining magical societies in an attempt to evolve into their ‘true selves’. They believed that ancient wisdom passed down over the centuries through cabalistic, Hermetic, alchemical and occult sources held the key for individuals to gain access to their divine beings.

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Notes

  1. Alex Owen, The Place of Enchantment: British Occultism and the Culture of the Modern (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004), 120.

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  2. Corinna Treitel, A Science for the Soul: Occultism and the Genesis of the German Modern (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004), 3–4. Such scientists included Karl Friedrich Zöller, a well-respected professor of astrophysics at the University of Leipzig, physicists William Edward Weber and Gustav Theodor Fechner, mathematician Wilhelm Scheibner and the psychologist Wilhelm Wundt.

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  3. David Allen Harvey, Beyond Enlightenment: Occultism and Politics in Modern France (Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2005).

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  4. For a thorough discussion of the struggle by historians to establish the enchanted nature of the modern see Michael Saler ‘Modernity and Enchantment: A Historiographic Review,’ American Historical Review, 2006 111 (3): 629–716.

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  5. Nicola Bown, ‘Esoteric Selves and Magical Minds,’ History Workshop Journal, 2006 61 (1): 281–7, 284, 286. Similar criticism comes from Michael Saler. Michael Saler, review of The Place of Enchantment: British Occultism and the Culture of the Modern, by Alex Owen, American Historical Review 2005 110 (3): 871–2, 872.

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© 2011 Alison Butler

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Butler, A. (2011). A New Order. In: Victorian Occultism and the Making of Modern Magic. Palgrave Historical Studies in Witchcraft and Magic. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230294707_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230294707_1

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-349-30855-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-230-29470-7

  • eBook Packages: Palgrave History CollectionHistory (R0)

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