Abstract
Plant mutants in polyamine pathway genes are ideal for investigating their roles in stress responses. Here we describe easy-to-perform methods for phenotyping Arabidopsis mutants under abiotic stress. These include measurements of root growth, chlorophyll content, water loss, electrolyte leakage, and content of the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2−). Growth of Arabidopsis seedlings is described that enables transfer to different media for stress treatment without damaging roots.
References
Asada K (2006) Production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts and their functions. Plant Physiol 141:391–396
Sandalio LM, Rodríguez-Serrano M, Romero-Puertas MC, delRio LA (2013) Role of peroxisomes as a source of reactive oxygenspecies (ROS) signalling molecules. Subcell Biochem 69:231–255
Gupta DK, Palma JM, Corpas FJ (eds) (2015) Reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage in plants under stress. Springer. ISBN: 978-3-319-20421-5
Swanson S, Gilroy S (2010) ROS in plant development. Physiol Plant 138:384–392
Suzuki N, Koussevitzky S, Mittler R, Miller G (2012) ROS and redox signalling in the response of plants to abiotic stress. Plant Cell Environ 35:259–270
Foyer CH, Noctor G (2013) Redox signaling in plants. Antioxid Redox Signal 18:2087–2090
Singh R, Singh S, Parihar P, Mishra RK, Tripathi DK, Singh VP, Chauhan DK, Prasad SM (2016) Reactive oxygen species (ROS): beneficial companions of plants’ developmental processes. Front Plant Sci 7:1299
Braun A (1873) Freunde z Berlin, p 75
Laibach F (1907) Zur Frage nach der Individualität der Chromosomen im Pflanzenreich. Bot Centbl Beihefte (I) 22:191–210
Laibach F (1943) Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Henh. als Objekt für genetische und entwicklungsphysiologische Untersuchungen. Bot Archiv 44:439–455
Reinholz E (1947) Auslösung von Röntgenmutationen bei Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. und ihre Bedeutung für die Pflanzenzüchtung und Evolutionstheorie. Field Inform Agency Tech Rep 1006:1–170
Meyerowitz EM (2001) Prehistory and history of Arabidopsis research. Plant Physiol 125:15–19
Somerville C, Koornneef M (2002) A fortunate choice: the history of Arabidopsis as a model plant. Nat Rev Genet 3:883–889
Koornneef M, Meinke D (2010) The development of Arabidopsis as a model plant. Plant J 61:909–921
Krämer U (2015) The natural history of a model organism: planting molecular functions in an ecological context with Arabidopsis thaliana. eLife 4:e06100
Urano K, Hobo T, Shinozaki K (2005) Arabidopsis ADC genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis are essential for seed development. FEBS Lett 579:1557–1564
Ge C, Cui X, Wang Y, Hu Y, Fu Z, Zhang D, Cheng Z, Li J (2006) BUD2, encoding an S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase, is required for Arabidopsis growth and development. Cell Res 16:446–456
Imai A, Matsuyama T, Hanzawa Y, Akiyama T, Tamaoki M, Saji H, Shirano Y, Kato T, Hayashi H, Shibata D, Tabata S, Komeda Y, Takahashi T (2004) Spermidine synthase genes are essential for survival of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 135:1565–1573
Imai A, Akiyama T, Kato T, Sato S, Tabata S, Yamamoto KT, Takahashi T (2004) Spermine is not essential for survival of Arabidopsis. FEBS Lett 556:148–152
Hanzawa Y, Takahashi T, Komeda Y (1997) ACL5: an Arabidopsis gene required for internodal elongation after flowering. Plant J 12:863–874
Tavladoraki P, Cona A, Angelini R (2016) Copper-containing amine oxidases and FAD-dependent polyamine oxidases are key players in plant tissue differentiation and organ development. Front Plant Sci 7:824
Wimalasekera R, Villar C, Begum T, Scherer GFE (2011) Copper amine oxidase1 (CuAO1) of Arabidopsis thaliana contributes to abscisic acid- and polyamine-induced nitric oxide biosynthesis and abscisic acid signal transduction. Mol Plant 4:663–678
Lichtenthaler HK (1987) Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigment of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods Enzymol 148:350–382
Weigel D, Glazebrook J (2002) Arabidopsis, a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
Barr HD, Weatherley PE (1962) A reexamination of the relative turgidity technique for estimating water deficit in leaves. Aust J Biol Sci 15:413–428
Smart RE, Bingham GE (1974) Rapid estimates of relative water content. Plant Physiol 53:258–260
Sukumaran NP, Weiser CJ (1972) An excised leaflet test for evaluating potato frost tolerance. Hort Sci 7:467–468
Vainola A, Repo T (2000) Impedance spectroscopy in frost hardiness evaluation of Rhododendron leaves. Ann Bot 86:799–805
Takagi T, Nakamura M, Hayashi H, Inatsugi R, Yano R, Nishida I (2003) The leaf-order-dependent enhancement of freezing tolerance in cold-acclimated Arabidopsis rosettes is not correlated with the transcript levels of the cold-inducible transcription factors of CBF/DREB1. Plant Cell Physiol 44:922–931
Ismail AM, Hall AE (1999) Reproductive-stage heat tolerance, leaf membrane thermostability and plant morphology in cow-pea. Crop Sci 39:1762–1768
Sreenivasulu N, Grimm B, Wobus U, Weshke W (2000) Differential response of antioxidant compounds to salinity stress in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive seedlings of foxtail millet (Setaria italica). Physiol Plant 109:435–442
De B, Mukherjee AK (1996) Mercuric chloride induced membrane damage in tomato cultured cells. Biol Plant 38:469–473
Messner B, Boll M (1994) Cell suspension cultures of spruce (Picea abies): inactivation of extracellular enzymes by fungal elicitor-induced transient release of hydrogen peroxide (oxidative burst). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 39:69–78
Doke N (1983) Generation of superoxide anion by potato tuber protoplasts during hypersensitive response to hyphal wall components of Phytophtora infestans and specific inhibition of the reaction with supressors of hypersensitivity. Physiol Plant Pathol 23:359–367
Boyes DC, Zayed AM, Ascenzi R, McCaskill AJ, Hoffman NE, Davis KR, Görlach J (2001) Growth stage-based phenotypic analysis of Arabidopsis: a model for high throughput functional genomics in plants. Plant Cell 13:1499–1510
Lorenzen CJ (1965) A note on the chlorophyll and phaeophytin content of the chlorophyll maximum. Limnol Oceanogr 10:482–483
Acknowledgements
This work is financially supported by JSPS KAKENHI (No. 15K14705) to T.K.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Berberich, T., Sagor, G.H.M., Kusano, T. (2018). Abiotic Stress Phenotyping of Polyamine Mutants. In: Alcázar, R., Tiburcio, A. (eds) Polyamines. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1694. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7398-9_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7398-9_32
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7397-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7398-9
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols