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ADAMTS Proteins: Concepts, Challenges, and Prospects

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ADAMTS Proteases

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2043))

Abstract

The ADAMTS superfamily comprises secreted metalloproteases (ADAMTS proteases) as well as structurally related secreted glycoproteins that lack catalytic activity (ADAMTS-like proteins). Members of both families participate in diverse morphogenetic processes during embryonic development, and connective tissue maintenance and hemostasis in the adult. Several ADAMTS proteins are heavily implicated in genetic and acquired human and animal disorders. Despite these indicators of a profound biological and medical importance, detailed knowledge about their molecular structures, substrates, biological pathways, and biochemical mechanisms is significantly limited by unique intrinsic characteristics, which have led to several technical challenges. As a group, they are larger, more heavily modified, and harder to purify than other secreted proteases. In addition, idiosyncratic aspects of individual members are deserving of further investigation but can complicate their analysis. Here, some of the key concepts, challenges, and prospects in ADAMTS research are discussed in the context of the knowledge accumulated over the past two decades. Individual chapters in this volume of Methods in Molecular Biology provide practical solutions for surmounting these challenges. Since the biology of a protease is actually the biology of its substrates, there is considerable emphasis on purification of recombinant ADAMTS proteins, identification of their substrates and assays for their proteolytic activity.

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Acknowledgments

The author is grateful to Caroline Kraft for producing the illustrations. This work was supported by NIH-NEI award EY024943 and by the Allen Distinguished Investigator Program, through support made by The Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group and the American Heart Association to S.S.A.

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  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering-ND20, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Suneel S. Apte

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    Suneel S. Apte

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Apte, S.S. (2020). ADAMTS Proteins: Concepts, Challenges, and Prospects. In: Apte, S. (eds) ADAMTS Proteases. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2043. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9698-8_1

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