Abstract
Somatic cloning technology involves the transfer of a somatic cell nucleus into an enucleated oocyte, followed by activation and in vitro culture. Efficiency in terms of live offspring generally remains very low. Little attention has been devoted so far to the impact of culture environment on cloned embryo development. Failure of genomic reprogramming of the donor nucleus in nuclear transfer (NT) experiments could lead to an altered phenotype in these cloned embryos that could be manifested by different medium preferences of the NT embryos. We describe here the application of sequential culture media to support preimplantation development of mouse embryos reconstructed using conventional NT techniques. Embryo-quality analysis was performed on NT blastocysts obtained. Additionally, NT embryos that arrested during development also were analyzed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Wakayama, T., Perry, A. C. F., Zuccotti, M., Johnson, K. R., and Yanagimachi, R. (1998) Full-term development of mice injected with cumulus cell nuclei. Nature, 394, 369–374.
Wakayama, T. and Yanagimachi, R. (1999) Cloning of male mice from adult tail-tip cells. Nat. Genet. 22, 127–128.
Kato, Y., Yabuuchi, A., Motosugi, N., Kato, J-Y., and Tsunoda, Y. (1999) Developmental potential of mouse follicular epithelial cells and cumulus cells after nuclear transfer. Biol. Reprod. 61, 1110–1114.
Kishikawa, H., Wakayama, T., and Yanagimachi, R. (1999) Comparison of oocyte-activating agents for mouse cloning. Cloning 1, 153–159.
Baguisi, A. and Overstöm, E.W. (2000) Induced enucleation in nuclear transfer procedures to produce cloned animals. Theriogenology 53, 209.
Ogura, A, Inoue, K., Takano, K., Wakayama, T., and Yanagimachi, R. (2000) Birth of mice after nuclear transfer by electrofusion using tail tip cells. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 57, 55–59.
Munsie, M. J., Michalska, A. E., O’Brien, C. M., Trounson, A. O., Pera, M. F., and Mountford, P. S. (2000) Isolation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells from reprogrammed adult mouse somatic nuclei. Curr. Biol. 10, 989–992.
Bavister, B. D. (1995) Culture of pre-implantation embryos: facts and artifacts. Hum. Reprod. Update 1, 91–148.
Chatot, C. L., Lewis, J. L., Torres, I., and Ziomek C. A. (1990) Development of 1-cell embryos from different strains of mice in CZB medium. Biol. Reprod. 42, 432–440.
Lawitts, J. A. and Biggers, J. D. (1991) Optimization of mouse embryo culture media using simplex methods. J. Reprod. Fert. 91, 543–556.
Quinn, P. (1995) Enhanced results in mouse and human embryo culture using a modified human tubal fluid medium lacking glucose and phosphate. J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. 12, 97–105.
Whitten, W.K. (1956) Culture of tubal ova. Nature 177, 96.
Gardner, D. K. and Lane, M. (1996) Alleviation of the ‘2-cell block’ and development to the blastocyst of CF1 mouse embryos: role of amino acids, EDTA and physical parameters. Hum. Reprod. 11, 2703–2712.
Gardner, D. K. (1998) Changes in requirements and utilization of nutrients during mammalian preimplantation embryo development and their significance in embryo culture. Theriogenology 49, 83–102.
Gardner, D. K., Pool, T. B. and Lane, M. (2000) Embryo nutrition and energy metabolism and its relationship to embryo growth, differentiation, and viability. Semin. Reprod. Med. 18, 205–218.
Chatot, C. L., Ziomek, C. A., Bavister, B. D., Lewis, J. L., and Torres, I. (1989) An improved culture medium supports development of random-bred 1-cell mouse embryos in vitro. J. Reprod. Fertil. 86, 679–688.
Christians, E., Campion, E., Thompson, E. M., and Renard, J. P. (1995) Expression of the HSP 70.1 gene, a landmark of early zygotic activity in the mouse embryo, is restricted to the first burst of transcription. Development 121, 113–122.
Doherty, A. S., Mann, M. R., Tremblay, K. D., Bartolomei, M. S., and Shultz, R. M. (2000) Differential effects of culture on imprinted H19 expression in the preimplantation mouse embryo. Biol. Reprod. 62, 1526–1535.
Niemann, H. and Wrenzycki, C. (2000) Alteration of expression of developmentally important genes in preimplantation bovine embryos by in vitro culture conditions: implications for subsequent development. Theriogenology 53, 21–34.
Young, L. E., Fernandes, K., McEvoy, T. G., Butterwith, S. C., Gutierrez, C. G., Carolan, C., Broadbent, P. J., et al. (2001) Epigenetic change in IGF2R is associated with fetal overgrowth after sheep embryo culture. Nat. Genet. 27, 153–154.
Ho, Y., Wigglesworth, K., Eppig, J. J., and Shultz, R. M. (1995) Preimplantation development of mouse embryos in KSOM: augmentation by amino acids and analysis of gene expression. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 41, 232–238.
Kamjoo M., Brison D. R., and Kimber S. J. (2002) Apoptosis in the preimplantation mouse embryo: effect of strain difference and in vitro culture. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61, 67–77.
Heindryckx, B., Rybouchkin, A., Van der Elst, J., and Dhont, M. (2001) Effect of culture media on in vitro development of cloned mouse embryos. Cloning 1, 41–50.
Heindryckx, B., Rybouchkin, A., Van der Elst, J., and Dhont, M. (2002) Serial pronuclear transfer increases the developmental potential of in vitro-matured oocytes in mouse cloning. Biol. Reprod. 67, 1790–1795.
Rybouchkin, A., Heindryckx, B., Van der Elst, J., and Dhont, M. (2002) Developmental potential of cloned mouse embryos reconstructed by a conventional technique of nuclear injection. Reproduction 124, 197–207.
Thompson, E. M. (1997) Chromatin structure and gene expression in the preimplantation mammalian embryo. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 36, 619–635.
Chung, Y. G., Mann, M. R., Bartolomei, M. S., and Latham, K. E. (2002) Nuclear-cytoplasmic “Tug-of War” during cloning: effects of somatic cell nuclei on culture medium preferences in the preimplantation cloned mouse embryo. Biol. Reprod. 66, 1178–1184.
Gao, S., Chung, Y. G., Williams, J. W., Riley, J., Moley, K., and Latham, K. E. (2003) Somatic cell-like features of cloned mouse embryos prepared with cultured myoblast nuclei. Biol. Reprod. 69, 48–56.
Lane, M. and Gardner, D. K. (2003) Ammonium induces aberrant blastocyst differentiation, metabolism, pH regulation, gene expression and subsequently alters fetal development in the mouse. Biol. Reprod. 69, 1109–1117.
Hardy, K., Handyside, A. H., and Winstons, R. M. L. (1989) The human blastocyst: cell number, death and allocation during late preimplantation development in vitro. Development 107, 597–604.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Humana Press Inc.
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Heindryckx, B., Van der Elst, J., Dhont, M. (2006). Culture Medium Preferences of Pre-Implantation Cloned Mouse Embryos. In: Verma, P.J., Trounson, A.O. (eds) Nuclear Transfer Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 348. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-154-3_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-154-3_4
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-280-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-154-3
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols