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Unravelling the Ecology of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in the Nasopharynx

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Antibiotic Resistance Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 642))

Abstract

To study the dynamics and diversity of pneumococcal carriage and antibiotic resistance, a more thorough and systematic approach has been employed compared with routine surveillance of serotype and anti­biotic resistance. Up to ten pneumococcal isolates from pernasal (nose) and oropharyngeal (throat) sites are isolated and characterised. Our carriage studies have revealed a diverse community of pneumococci with multiple strains colonising the nasopharynx of children. In Tanzanian children less than 6 years of age, up to six serotypes and up to six different antibiotic sensitivities (as distinguished by at least a fourfold difference in the minimum inhibitory concentration) have been found. Serotyping by the Quelling reaction is prone to inaccuracy and requires expensive serological reagents. To improve the accuracy and reduce the costs, an alternative capsular typing DNA-based method has been developed. This chapter will describe the methods we have employed with emphasis on the capsular typing method.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Dr. Steve Platt for his developing the novel Bionumerics script for the cluster analysis of in vitro and in silico data. We also thank Dr. Claire Jenkins for the data analysis shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Clinical Microbiology Department of Infection, University College London, London, UK

    Bambos M. Charalambous

  2. Clinical Laboratory, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania

    Ndeky M. Oriyo

Authors
  1. Bambos M. Charalambous
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  2. Ndeky M. Oriyo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bambos M. Charalambous .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Div. Infection & Immunity, Research Dept. Infection, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, United Kingdom

    Stephen H. Gillespie

  2. Div. Infection & Immunity, Research Dept. Infection, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, United Kingdom

    Timothy D. McHugh

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Charalambous, B.M., Oriyo, N.M. (2010). Unravelling the Ecology of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in the Nasopharynx. In: Gillespie, S., McHugh, T. (eds) Antibiotic Resistance Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 642. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-279-7_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-279-7_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-60327-278-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-279-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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