Skip to main content

Discovery of Protein Kinase Phosphatase Inhibitors

  • Protocol
High Content Screening

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 356))

Abstract

Dynamic protein phosphorylation, a major cellular regulatory system, is tightly controlled by coordinating the reversible action of protein kinases and phosphatases. Recent evidence is consistent with sophisticated mechanisms that regulate both kinases and phosphatases in the cell. Dual specificity phosphatases, which act on phosphorylated serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues in proteins, are valid targets for drug discovery. Chemical complementation combines genetic manipulations with chemical biology and high-content multiparametric analyses and was developed as a screening approach to discover protein phosphatase inhibitors. Using a dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase as an example, a detailed protocol, discussion of issues relating to data analysis, and high-throughput implementation of the chemical complementation approach to drug discovery is presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Zolnierowicz, S. and Bollen, M. (2000) Protein phosphorylation and protein phosphatases. De Panne, Belgium, 19–24 September 1999. EMBO J. 19, 483–488.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Tonks, N. K. and Neel, B. G. (2001) Combinatorial control of the specificity of protein tyrosine phosphatases. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 13, 182–195.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Alonso, A., Sasin, J., Bottini, N., et al. (2004) Protein tyrosine phosphatases in the human genome. Cell 117, 699–711.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Zou, X., Tsutsui, T., Ray, D., et al. (2001) The cell cycle-regulatory CDC25A phosphatase inhibits apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1. Mol. Cell Biol. 21, 4818–4828.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, P., Hutter, D., Liu, P., and Liu, Y. (2002) A mammalian expression system for rapid production and purification of active MAP kinase phosphatases. Protein Expr. Purif. 24, 481–488.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Slack, D. N., Seternes, O. M., Gabrielsen, M., and Keyse, S. M. (2001) Distinct binding determinants for ERK2/p38alpha and JNK map kinases mediate catalytic activation and substrate selectivity of map kinase phosphatase-1. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 16,491–16,500.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Camps, M., Nichols, A., Gillieron, C., et al. (1998) Catalytic activation of the phosphatase MKP-3 by ERK2 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Science 280, 1262–1265.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Balis, F. M. (2002) Evolution of anticancer drug discovery and the role of cell-based screening. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 94, 78–79.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Vogt, A., Cooley, K. A., Brisson, M., Tarpley, M. G., Wipf, P., and Lazo, J. S. (2003) Cell-active dual specificity phosphatase inhibitors identified by high content screening. Chem. Biol. 10, 733–742.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Vogt, A., Takahito, A., Ducruet, A. P., et al. (2001) Spatial analysis of key signaling proteins by high-content solid-phase cytometry in Hep3B cells treated with an inhibitor of Cdc25 dual-specificity phosphatases. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 20,544–20,550.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Vogt, A. and Lazo, J. S. (2005) Chemical complementation: a definitive phenotypic strategy for identifying small molecule inhibitors of elusive cellular targets. Pharmacol. Ther. 107, 212–215.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Vogt, A., Tamewitz, A., Skoko, J., Sikorski, R. P., Giuliano, K. A., and Lazo, J. S. (2005) The benzo (C) phenanthridine alkaloid, sanguinarine, is a selective, cell-active inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1. J. Biol. Chem. 280, 19,078–19,086.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Young, I. T. (1977) Proof without prejudice: use of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for the analysis of histograms from flow systems and other sources. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 25, 935–941.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lampariello, F. (2000) On the use of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test for immunofluorescence histogram comparison. Cytometry 39, 179–188.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Watson, J. V. (2001) Proof without prejudice revisited: immunofluorescence histogram analysis using cumulative frequency subtraction plus ratio analysis of means. Cytometry 43, 55–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Cox, C., Reeder, J. E., Robinson, R. D., Suppes, S. B., and Wheeless, L. L. (1988) Comparison of frequency distributions in flow cytometry. Cytometry 9, 291–298.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Giuliano, K. A., Chen, Y. T., and Taylor, D. L. (2004) High content screening with siRNA optimizes a cell biological approach to drug discovery: defining the role of P53 activation in the cellular response to anticancer drugs. J. Biomol. Screen. 9, 557–568.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Peacock, J. A. (1983) Two-dimensional goodness-of-fit testing in astronomy. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 202, 615–627.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Fasano, G. and Francescini, A. (1987) A multidimensional version of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 225, 155–170.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Lazo, J. S., Aslan, D. C., Southwick, E. C., et al. (2001) Discovery and biological evaluation of a new family of potent inhibitors of the dual specificity protein phosphatase Cdc25. J. Med. Chem. 44, 4042–4049.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Humana Press, Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Vogt, A., Lazo, J.S. (2007). Discovery of Protein Kinase Phosphatase Inhibitors. In: Taylor, D.L., Haskins, J.R., Giuliano, K.A. (eds) High Content Screening. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 356. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-217-3:389

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-217-3:389

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-731-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59745-217-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics