1 Introduction
Gels are soft materials consisting of long polymer chains or colloidal particles interconnected to each other. Depending on the medium, gels are classified into hydrogels (water), organogels (oil), or aerogels (air) [1, 2]. For example, gelatin gel and silica gel are typical hydrogel and aerogel, respectively. Because of connectivity, gels do not flow and have a tendency to keep their shape against various types of deformation, such as shear and stretching. Except for inorganic gels, such as clay suspensions, most gels are made of polymer chains partially cross-linked chemically or physically. Such gels undergo swelling or deswelling upon a change of the affinity of the polymer chains and the solvent. The structure and properties of gels have been explored by various means as discussed in the textbooks of gels [3, 4].
Gels are classified according to their preparation methods. Figure 14-1 shows the schematic representation illustrating how gels are made. Type 1gels are...
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Shibayama, M. (2008). Small Angle Neutron Scattering on Gels. In: Borsali, R., Pecora, R. (eds) Soft Matter Characterization. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4465-6_14
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