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Brain Infections: Evidence-Based Neuroimaging

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Evidence-Based Neuroimaging Diagnosis and Treatment

Part of the book series: Evidence-Based Imaging ((Evidence-Based Imag.))

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Abstract

Brain infection is usually caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Organisms can infect the brain via hematogenous spread (most commonly from the lungs), direct extension from the sinonasal cavity, direct implantation (instrumentation or trauma), and CSF spread from a spinal cord or spinal subarachnoid space infection. Less frequently, infections in the epidural or subdural spaces can also spread directly to the meninges and brain parenchyma. The organism causing an infection can often be predicted based on the patient’s age, geographic location, immune status, and clinical history (e.g., trauma, sinusitis, pneumonia). HIV-positive patients can acquire infection due to HIV itself or due to one or more of a myriad of opportunistic infections. In addition, these patients are susceptible to autoimmune conditions such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) or acute demyelinating polyneuropathy during the initial and middle phases of HIV infection and neoplasm during the late phase of HIV infection.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02214, USA

    Hui Jie Jenny Chen & Pamela W. Schaefer

Authors
  1. Hui Jie Jenny Chen
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  2. Pamela W. Schaefer
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hui Jie Jenny Chen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neuroradiology-Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology, Miami Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, USA

    L. Santiago Medina

  2. Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA

    L. Santiago Medina

  3. Former Lecturer in Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    L. Santiago Medina

  4. Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA

    Pina C. Sanelli

  5. Department of Radiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Jeffrey G. Jarvik

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Chen, H.J.J., Schaefer, P.W. (2013). Brain Infections: Evidence-Based Neuroimaging. In: Medina, L.S., Sanelli, P.C., Jarvik, J.G. (eds) Evidence-Based Neuroimaging Diagnosis and Treatment. Evidence-Based Imaging. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3320-0_27

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3320-0_27

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-3319-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-3320-0

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