Definition
Immune T cells detect and clear cells infected by pathogens such as bacteria or viruses, because infected cells present peptides derived from the intracellular degradation of the pathogen. Antigen processing consists of the multistep intracellular degradation of self- and pathogen-derived proteins into short peptides loaded onto major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and displayed at the cell surface. MHC-I complexes display peptides mostly 8–11 amino acids (aa) long to CD8 T cells and MHC-II display longer peptides (mainly 12–18 aa) to CD4 T cells. While pathogen-specific CD8 T cells are cytotoxic T cells killing infected cells, CD4 T cells primarily provide help to maintain CD8 T cell responses and antibody responses against pathogens. The processing of pathogen-derived antigens into epitopes and their presentation by dendritic cells is the first step leading to the priming of pathogen-specific CD8 and CD4 T immune responses in the context of infection or...
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Boucau, J., Rucevic, M., Le Gall, S. (2014). HIV Antigen Processing and Presentation. In: Hope, T., Stevenson, M., Richman, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_175-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_175-1
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