Introduction
Panic disorder is a psychiatric condition in which recurrent spontaneous panic attacks are followed by at least 1 month of persistent worry over future attacks or their consequences, and/or maladaptive behavioral change due to the attacks, such as avoidance.
Clinical Presentation
Panic disorder (PD) is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks (PAs), which are discrete episodes of sudden surges of intense fear and/or physical discomfort that peak within 10 min. These “fearful spells” are unpredictable, because there is often no obvious cue or trigger, and are accompanied by somatic and/or cognitive symptoms. Also, PAs are not limited to one specific situation and may occur from either anxious or calm states. These attacks are followed by: (1) persistent worry about future attacks and their consequences, manifesting as concerns over physical integrity (e.g., life-threatening illness), social anxieties...
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Greene, A.L., Eaton, N.R. (2017). Panic Disorder. In: Zeigler-Hill, V., Shackelford, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_920-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_920-1
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