Definition
Peliosis of the spleen is a non-neoplastic, multifocal, commonly splenomegalic, and highly rupture-prone process of unknown etiology and enigmatic pathogenesis that arises in the splenic red pulp and leads to multiple, blood-filled, cyst-like cavities that are lined by sinus wall cells or dissolved red pulp cords but not endothelial or epithelial cells.
Peliosis of the spleen is mostly associated with the commoner peliosis of the liver and, rarely, peliosis of other organs (Renard et al. 2012; Diebold and Audouin 1983). Bacillary angiomatosis of the spleen has been called “peliosis” by some authors. However, it is a capillary proliferation due to the suppurative infection of the spleen caused by Bartonella species. It does not fulfill the above criteria and is not covered here.
Clinical Features
Incidence and Clinical Symptoms
The true incidence of peliosis of the spleen is unknown. In a single series of 1200 randomly selected autopsies, the frequency of mainly microscopic...
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References and Further Reading
Aubrey-Bassler, F. K., & Sowers, N. (2012). 613 cases of splenic rupture without risk factors or previously diagnosed disease: A systematic review. BMC Emergency Medicine, 12, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-227X-12-11.
Benjamin, D. R., & Shunk, B. (1978). A fatal case of peliosis of the liver and spleen. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 132(2), 2017–2208.
Diebold, J., & Audouin, J. (1983). Peliosis of the spleen. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 7(2), 197–204.
Martel, M., Ceuk, W., Lombardi, L., Lifschitz-Mercer, B., Chan, J. K., & Rosai, J. (2004). Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT): Report of 25 cases of a distinct benign splenic lesion. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 28(10), 1268–1279.
Renard, C., Baumann, D., Thriat, S., Debiquis, A., Lindner, V., & Thiébault, S. (2012). Péliose splénique isolée: à propos d’un cas. Annales de Pathologie, 32(5), 379–383.
Tada, T., Wakabayashi, T., & Kishimoto, H. (1983). Peliosis of the spleen. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 79(6), 708–713.
Tsokos, M., & Erbersdobler, A. (2005). Pathology of peliosis. Forensic Science International, 149(1), 25–33.
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Marx, A., Rüdiger, T. (2019). Peliosis, Spleen. In: van Krieken, J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Pathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_3847-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_3847-1
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