Skip to main content

Per-Beam Synchronization for Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Wireless Networks
  • 113 Accesses

Synonyms

Massive MIMO; Millimeter-wave communications; Per-beam synchronization

Definitions

Per-beam synchronization refers to a synchronization approach in wireless transmission where signal synchronization in time and frequency between the transmitter and the receiver is performed over each beam individually.

Background

Millimeter-wave massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is promising for future wireless communications (Swindlehurst et al., 2014; Cui et al., 2018; Huang et al., To appear; Liu et al., 2018; Xiao et al., 2017). One challenge in realizing cellular wireless over millimeter-wave channels is to deal with the mobility issue (Roh et al., 2014; Andrews et al, 2017). For the same mobile speed, the Doppler spread of millimeter-wave channels is orders-of-magnitude larger than that of classical wireless channels, while the delay spread does not change significantly over different frequencies, which may lead to system implementation bottleneck. Consider wideband...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Andrews JG, Bai T, Kulkarni MN, Alkhateeb A, Gupta AK, Heath RW Jr (2017) Modeling and analyzing millimeter wave cellular systems. IEEE Trans Commun 65(1):403–430

    Google Scholar 

  • Chizhik D (2004) Slowing the time-fluctuating MIMO channel by beam forming. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 3(5):1554–1565

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cui Y, Fang X, Fang Y, Xiao M (2018) Optimal non-uniform steady mmWave beamforming for high speed railway. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 67(5):4350–4359. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2018.2796621

  • Dahlman E, Parkvall S, Sköld J (2014) 4G LTE/LTE-advanced for mobile broadband, 2nd edn. Academic Press, Waltham

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang Y, Zhang J, Xiao M (To appear) Constant envelope hybrid precoding for directional millimeter-wave communications. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun (JSAC) Ser Phys Layer Secur 5G Wirel Netw. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2018.2825820

  • Hwang T, Yang C, Wu G, Li S, Li GY (2009) OFDM and its wireless applications: a survey. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 58(4):1673–1694

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Fang X, Xiao M, Mumtaz S (2018) Decentralized beam pair selection in multi-beam millimeter-wave networks. IEEE Trans Commun. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2800756

  • Marzetta TL (2010) Noncooperative cellular wireless with unlimited numbers of base station antennas. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 9(11):3590–3600

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pätzold M, Hogstad BO (2006) A wideband space-time MIMO channel simulator based on the geometrical one-ring model. In: Proceedings of IEEE VTC Fall, Montreal, pp 1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Rappaport TS, MacCartney GR Jr, Samimi MK, Sun S (2015) Wideband millimeter-wave propagation measurements and channel models for future wireless communication system design. IEEE Trans Commun 63(9):3029–3056

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roh W, Seol JY, Park J, Lee B, Lee J, Kim Y, Cho J, Cheun K, Aryanfar F (2014) Millimeter-wave beamforming as an enabling technology for 5G cellular communications: theoretical feasibility and prototype results. IEEE Commun Mag 52(2):106–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shiu DS, Foschini GJ, Gans MJ, Kahn JM (2000) Fading correlation and its effect on the capacity of multielement antenna systems. IEEE Trans Commun 48(3):502–513

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun C, Gao XQ, Jin S, Matthaiou M, Ding Z, Xiao C (2015) Beam division multiple access transmission for massive MIMO communications. IEEE Trans Commun 63(6):2170–2184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swindlehurst AL, Ayanoglu E, Heydari P, Capolino F (2014) Millimeter-wave massive MIMO: the next wireless revolution? IEEE Commun Mag 52(9):56–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Va V, Choi J, Heath RW Jr (2017) The impact of beamwidth on temporal channel variation in vehicular channels and its implications. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 66(6):5014–5029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao M, Mumtaz S, Huang Y, Dai L, Li Y, Matthaiou M, Karagiannidis G, Bjronson E, Yang K, Chih-lin I, Ghosh A (2017) Millimeter wave communications for future mobile networks. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun (JSAC). 35(9):1909–1935

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • You L, Gao XQ, Li GY, Xia XG, Ma N (2017) BDMA for millimeter-wave/Terahertz massive MIMO transmission with per-beam synchronization. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 35(7):1550–1563

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Li You or Ni Ma .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

You, L., Gao, X., Li, G.Y., Xia, XG., Ma, N. (2018). Per-Beam Synchronization for Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO. In: Shen, X., Lin, X., Zhang, K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Wireless Networks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32903-1_116-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32903-1_116-1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-32903-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-32903-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Computer SciencesReference Module Computer Science and Engineering

Publish with us

Policies and ethics