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Use of Xenogeneic Cells

  • Living reference work entry
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Cell Engineering and Regeneration

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Biomedical Engineering ((TIENRE))

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Abstract

Xenotransplantation of cells, tissues, and organs is a rapidly developing field. The pig is the favorite donor species for a number of reasons, including similarity with humans in the size and physiology of many organs, high fecundity, and the possibility of genetic modification. This chapter provides an overview of the immunological and physiological hurdles facing pig-to-primate cell and tissue xenotransplantation and strategies to overcome them, with particular emphasis on porcine pancreatic islets, as these have already been used clinically. We also describe the current state of the art in xenotransplantation of porcine cornea, neuronal cells, skin, hepatocytes, chondrocytes, red blood cells, Sertoli cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. Major progress has been made, particularly in the development of novel immunosuppressive regimens and genetically multimodified donor pigs. Xenotransplantation of porcine cells and tissues has the potential to become a clinically relevant option for the treatment of degenerative diseases and traumatic tissue defects. Ethical and regulatory frameworks for this new branch of medicine are currently being developed.

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Acknowledgments

Our work on xenotransplantation is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TRR127 “Biology of Xenogeneic Cell, Tissue and Organ Transplantation – from Bench to Bedside”) and by the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD). The authors are members of EU COST Action BM1308 “Sharing Advances on Large Animal Models – SALAAM.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences; and Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany

    Elisabeth Kemter & Eckhard Wolf

  2. Chair for Livestock Biotechnology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany

    Alexander Kind

  3. Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany

    Bruno Reichart

  4. German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany

    Eckhard Wolf

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  1. Elisabeth Kemter
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  2. Alexander Kind
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  4. Eckhard Wolf
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Correspondence to Eckhard Wolf .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Tulane Univ. Sch. of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Jeffrey M. Gimble

  2. AUVA Center, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimen, Vienna, Austria

    Darja Marolt

  3. Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

    Richard Oreffo

  4. Experimental and Clinical Traumatol, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for, Wien, Austria

    Heinz Redl

  5. AUVA Center, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimen, Vienna, Austria

    Susanne Wolbank

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Kemter, E., Kind, A., Reichart, B., Wolf, E. (2018). Use of Xenogeneic Cells. In: Gimble, J., Marolt, D., Oreffo, R., Redl, H., Wolbank, S. (eds) Cell Engineering and Regeneration. Reference Series in Biomedical Engineering(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-37076-7_23-1

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