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Academic Skills

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  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology

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Definition

Academic skills refer to a student’s ability to perform age-appropriate school activities related to reading, writing, and mathematics. Reading skills include the five building blocks skills of phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. These are listed in hierarchical order, as the ultimate goal is comprehending whatever one reads (National Reading Panel 2015). Writing skills begin with the basic skill of letter formation and progress to the more advanced skills of fluency (production of simple sentences), syntactic maturity (production of increasingly complex sentences), semantic maturity or vocabulary use, organization of thought or content, and conventions (including grammar, spelling, and punctuation) (Howell and Nolet 2000). Math skillsinclude the general skills of basic fact fluency (i.e., addition, subtraction, multiplication, division), math computation and operations (e.g., multi-digit addition, fractions), and math...

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References and Readings

  • Common Core State Standards Initiative. (2016). Common core state standards for mathematics. Retrieved from http://www.corestandards.org/Math/

  • DiPerna, J. C., Volpe, R. J., & Elliot, S. N. (2001). A model of academic enablers and elementary reading/language art achievement. School Psychology Review, 31(3), 298–312.

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  • Howell, K. W., & Nolet, V. (2000). Curriculum-based evaluation: Teaching and decision making (3rd ed.). Belmont: Wadsworth.

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  • National Reading Panel. (2015, March 17). National Reading Panel. Retrieved from https://www.nichd.nih.gov/research/supported/Pages/nrp.aspx

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Psychology and Counselor Education, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA

    Christina Zafiris

  2. School Psychology, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA

    Rachel Losoff

Authors
  1. Christina Zafiris
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  2. Rachel Losoff
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Christina Zafiris .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    Jeffrey S. Kreutzer

  2. Kessler Foundation, Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ, USA

    John DeLuca

  3. Independent Practice, Wynnewood, PA, USA

    Bruce Caplan

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Zafiris, C., Losoff, R. (2018). Academic Skills. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1432

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