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Parathyroid Ectopic Tumors, Mediastinal

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Pathology of the Pleura and Mediastinum

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

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Synonyms

Mediastinal/substernal parathyroid adenoma; Mediastinal/substernal parathyroid carcinoma; Mediastinal/substernal parathyroid cyst

Definition

Tumors of parathyroid origin that arise within, extend into, or metastasize to involve the mediastinum.

Clinical Features

  • Incidence

    Ten percent of parathyroid adenomas are ectopic. Approximately, half of all ectopic parathyroid adenomas occur in the anterior mediastinum due to embryologic origin from the third and fourth branchial pouches. Mediastinal parathyroid carcinoma is rare.

  • Age

    Mediastinal parathyroid tumors can be seen in any age group. The peak incidence of symptomatic parathyroid adenoma is between 50 and 60 years of age. Parathyroid carcinoma can occur at any age.

  • Sex

    Parathyroid adenomas and cysts occur more often in women. Gender distribution is equal in parathyroid carcinoma.

  • Site

    Ectopic parathyroid tumors are more common in the anterior mediastinum; however, posterior mediastinal tumors are well documented.

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References and Further Reading

  • Landau, O., Chamberlain, D. W., Kennedy, R. S., Pearson, F. G., & Keshavjee, S. (1997). Mediastinal parathyroid cysts. Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 63(4), 951–953.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Macchiarini, P., & Ostertag, H. (2004). Uncommon primary mediastinal tumours. Lancet Oncology, 5(2), 107–118.

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  • Moran, C. A., & Suster, S. (2005). Primary parathyroid tumors of the mediastinum: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 17 cases. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 124(5), 749–754.

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  • Talat, N., & Schulte, K. M. (2010). Clinical presentation, staging and long-term evolution of parathyroid cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 17(8), 2156–2174.

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  • Wick, M. R., & Rosai, J. (1991). Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the mediastinum. Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology, 8(1), 35–51.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirowski, D., Wicke, C., Böhner, H., Lammers, B. J., Pohl, P., Schwarz, K., & Goretzki, P. E. (2008). Presentation of 6 cases with parathyroid cysts and discussion of the literature. Experimental & Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes, 116(8), 501–506.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Miami, 1400 NW 12th Avenue, Room 4058, Miami, FL, 33136, USA

    Christina M. Kovacs & Carmen Gomez-Fernandez

Authors
  1. Christina M. Kovacs
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  2. Carmen Gomez-Fernandez
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Christina M. Kovacs .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, The University of Mississippi Medical School, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA

    Timothy Craig Allen

  2. Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Saul Suster

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Cite this entry

Kovacs, C.M., Gomez-Fernandez, C. (2018). Parathyroid Ectopic Tumors, Mediastinal. In: Allen, T.C., Suster, S. (eds) Pathology of the Pleura and Mediastinum. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66796-6_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66796-6_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-66795-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-66796-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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