Synonyms
Mediastinal/substernal parathyroid adenoma; Mediastinal/substernal parathyroid carcinoma; Mediastinal/substernal parathyroid cyst
Definition
Tumors of parathyroid origin that arise within, extend into, or metastasize to involve the mediastinum.
Clinical Features
Incidence
Ten percent of parathyroid adenomas are ectopic. Approximately, half of all ectopic parathyroid adenomas occur in the anterior mediastinum due to embryologic origin from the third and fourth branchial pouches. Mediastinal parathyroid carcinoma is rare.
Age
Mediastinal parathyroid tumors can be seen in any age group. The peak incidence of symptomatic parathyroid adenoma is between 50 and 60 years of age. Parathyroid carcinoma can occur at any age.
Sex
Parathyroid adenomas and cysts occur more often in women. Gender distribution is equal in parathyroid carcinoma.
Site
Ectopic parathyroid tumors are more common in the anterior mediastinum; however, posterior mediastinal tumors are well documented.
...
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References and Further Reading
Landau, O., Chamberlain, D. W., Kennedy, R. S., Pearson, F. G., & Keshavjee, S. (1997). Mediastinal parathyroid cysts. Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 63(4), 951–953.
Macchiarini, P., & Ostertag, H. (2004). Uncommon primary mediastinal tumours. Lancet Oncology, 5(2), 107–118.
Moran, C. A., & Suster, S. (2005). Primary parathyroid tumors of the mediastinum: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 17 cases. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 124(5), 749–754.
Talat, N., & Schulte, K. M. (2010). Clinical presentation, staging and long-term evolution of parathyroid cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 17(8), 2156–2174.
Wick, M. R., & Rosai, J. (1991). Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the mediastinum. Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology, 8(1), 35–51.
Wirowski, D., Wicke, C., Böhner, H., Lammers, B. J., Pohl, P., Schwarz, K., & Goretzki, P. E. (2008). Presentation of 6 cases with parathyroid cysts and discussion of the literature. Experimental & Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes, 116(8), 501–506.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
Kovacs, C.M., Gomez-Fernandez, C. (2018). Parathyroid Ectopic Tumors, Mediastinal. In: Allen, T.C., Suster, S. (eds) Pathology of the Pleura and Mediastinum. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66796-6_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66796-6_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-66795-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-66796-6
eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine