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Definition
Forming presses are forming machines with linear relative movements of the two main parts of the tools. Presses have a drive system, which generates a linear movement of at least and in most cases one ram carrying the first main part of the tool, which is bound by the linear guiding system. To counterbalance the press forces, presses have a stout frame, supporting the drive system for the ram(s), supporting the linear guides of the ram, and supporting some kind of table for the fixture of the second main part of the tool. The frame also supports all kinds of auxiliary systems as transfer, ejectors, die cushions, material infeed, lubrication and coolant, and systems for the exchange of tools and tool parts.
Presses are subclassified in path-driven, force-driven, and energy-driven machines, depending on the drive system.
In path-driven machines, the drive system defines the path of the ram, while the forces are defined by the feedback from the forming...
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References
Lange K (ed) (1984) Umformtechnik–Handbuch für Industrie und Wissenschaft [Metal Forming–Handbook for Research and Industry], 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin (in German)
Neugebauer R, Denkena B, Wegener K (2007) Mechatronic systems for machine tools. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 56(2):657–686
Osakada K, Mori K, Altan T, Groche P (2011) Mechanical servo press technology for metal forming. Ann CIRP 60(2):651–667
Schuler GH (1996) Handbuch der Umformtechnik [Metalforming Handbook]. Springer, Berlin (in German)
Wegener K, Schepp F (2000) Innovative Antriebskonzepte für Maschinen der Zukunft [Innovative Drive Concepts for Future Machines]. In: Groche P, Schmoeckel D (eds) Anforderungen, Innovationen, Perspektiven [Demands, Innovations, Perspectives]: 7. Umformtechnisches Kolloquium Darmstadt [7th Metal Forming Conference, Darmstadt], TUD, Inst. für Produktiostechnik und Umformmaschinen [Institute for Production Engineering and Forming Machines]. Meisenbach, Bamberg, pp 117–132 (in German)
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Wegener, K. (2019). Forming Presses (Hydraulic, Mechanical, Servo). In: Chatti, S., Laperrière, L., Reinhart, G., Tolio, T. (eds) CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_16695
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